| Syndromes | Biomarkers | References |
| Acute cardiorenal (type 1) | | | Cardiac | cTnT, BNP, NT-proBNP, MPO, MR-proADM | Ronco et al. [1]; Klip et al. [44] | Renal | Creatinine, cystatin C, NGAL, KIM-1, NAG, IL-18 | Ronco et al. [1] | Chronic cardiorenal (type 2) | | | Cardiac | BNP, NT-proBNP, CRP, ST2 | Ronco et al. [1]; Daniels and Bayes-Genis [38] | Renal | Creatinine, microalbuminuria, cystatin C, CRP, homocysteine, uric acid, urotensin II, aldosterone | Ronco et al. [1]; Iacoviello et al. [48]; Fox et al. [49]; Garoufi et al. [50] | Acute renocardiac (type 3) | | | Cardiac | BNP, NT-proBNP | Ronco et al. [1] | Renal | Creatinine, cystatin C, NGAL, KIM-1, NAG, IL-18 | Ronco et al. [1] | Chronic renocardiac (type 4) | | | Cardiac | BNP, NT-proBNP, CRP | Ronco et al. [1] | Renal | Creatinine, microalbuminuria, cystatin C, homocysteine, uric acid, urotensin II, aldosterone | Ronco et al. [1]; Iacoviello et al. [48]; Fox et al. [49]; Garoufi et al. [50] | Secondary CRS (type 5) | | | Cardiac | BNP, CRP, procalcitonin, ST2 | Ronco et al. [1]; Daniels and Bayes-Genis [38] | Renal | Creatinine, NGAL, IL-18, KIM-1, NAG | Ronco et al. [1] |
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