Research Article
The Association between Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury
Table 1
Characteristics of the study patients according to RDW.
| | Characteristics | RDW (%) | P value | | | 11.1-13.7 | 13.8-15.1 | 15.2-21.2 | |
| | Clinical parameters, n | 4672 | 4664 | 4742 | | | Age, years | 61.8 ± 18.8 | 67.7 ± 16.1 | 68.1 ± 15.2 | <0.001 | | Female, n (%) | 1736 (37.2) | 2028 (43.5) | 2228 (47.0) | <0.001 | | Ethnicity, n (%) | | | | <0.001 | | White | 3277 (70.1) | 3321 (71.2) | 3366 (71.0) | | | Black | 281 (6.0) | 343 (7.3) | 442 (9.3) | | | Other | 1114 (23.8) | 1000 (21.4) | 934 (19.7) | | | RDW, % | 13.1 ± 0.5 | 14.4 ± 0.4 | 17.3 ± 1.9 | <0.001 | | BMI, kg/m2 | 28.1 ± 5.9 | 29.0 ± 6.8 | 28.9 ± 7.3 | <0.001 | | SBP, mmHg | 119.2 ± 16.1 | 118.3 ± 16.8 | 116.7 ± 16.9 | <0.001 | | DBP, mmHg | 61.2 ± 10.2 | 60.0 ± 10.6 | 58.4 ± 10.6 | <0.001 | | Respiratory rate, beats/minute | 18.7 ± 4.1 | 19.3 ± 4.3 | 19.5 ± 4.3 | <0.001 | | Temperature, °C | 37.0 ± 0.7 | 36.9 ± 0.7 | 36.8 ± 0.7 | <0.001 | | Comorbidities, n (%) | | | | | | Congestive heart failure | 498 (10.7) | 815 (17.5) | 1122 (23.67) | <0.001 | | Coronary artery disease | 1466 (31.4) | 1512 (32.4) | 1244 (26.2) | <0.001 | | Atrial fibrillation | 1200 (25.7) | 1640 (35.2) | 1779 (37.5) | <0.001 | | Chronic kidney disease | 243 (5.2) | 602 (12.9) | 1007 (21.24%) | <0.001 | | Chronic liver disease | 91 (2.0) | 188 (4.0) | 625 (13.2) | <0.001 | | COPD | 86 (1.8) | 136 (2.9) | 135 (2.9) | 0.001 | | Stroke | 656 (14.0) | 526 (11.3) | 354 (7.5) | <0.001 | | Malignancy | 417 (8.9) | 686 (14.7) | 1181 (24.9) | <0.001 | | Respiratory disease (non-COPD) | 1672 (35.8) | 1921 (41.2) | 2187 (46.1) | <0.001 | | ARDS | 89 (1.9) | 103 (2.2) | 108 (2.3) | 0.413 | | Laboratory tests (missing data, %) | | | | | | WBC (0.04), 10 9 /L | 15.2 ± 6.5 | 14.8 ± 7.6 | 15.3 ± 13.3 | <0.001 | | BUN (0.06), mg/dl, | 24.2 ± 17.6 | 31.2 ± 22.9 | 40.5 ± 28.6 | <0.001 | | Chloride (0.06), mmol/L | 108.22 ± 6.27 | 108.18 ± 6.34 | 107.29 ± 6.96 | <0.001 | | Bilrubin (48.46), mg/dl | 1.1 ± 1.4 | 1.4 ± 2.7 | 3.1 ± 6.2 | <0.001 | | Hematocrit (0.01), % | 38.6 ± 5.4 | 36.4 ± 5.6 | 33.9 ± 5.3 | <0.001 | | Hemoglobin (0.02), g/dl | 13.0 ± 1.9 | 12.2 ± 1.9 | 11.1 ± 1.8 | <0.001 | | Scoring systems | | | | | | SOFA | 4.3 ± 2.9 | 5.2 ± 3.2 | 6.1 ± 3.4 | <0.001 | | APSIII | 42.8 ± 18.4 | 48.2 ± 19.7 | 55.3 ± 20.7 | <0.001 | | Renal function | | | | | | Renal replacement therapy | 155 (3.3) | 318 (6.8) | 667 (14.1) | <0.001 | | KDIGO stage, n (%) | | | | <0.001 | | Stage 1 | 859 (18.39) | 742 (15.91) | 794 (16.74) | | | Stage 2 | 993 (21.25) | 899 (19.28) | 815 (17.19) | | | Stage 3 | 2820 (60.36) | 3023 (64.82) | 3133 (66.07) | |
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BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; WBC: white blood cell; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; SOFA: sequential organ failure assessment; APSIII: acute physiology score III; KDIGO Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes.
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