BioMed Research International

Research Article

Dynamic Expression of Genes Involved in Proteoglycan/Glycosaminoglycan Metabolism during Skin Development

Table 3

Differentially expressed GAG related genes during skin development in mice in comparison to mature skin (p<0.10) based on gene Chip Mouse Exon 1.0 ST Arrays.


		E14 vs. P90		E16 vs. P90		P1 vs. P90
Gene symbol	Full gene name and probe set	Stepup P-value	Fold change	Stepup P-value	Fold change	Stepup P-value	Fold change

*Production of precursors*
Galk1	Galactokinase 1	*0.030*	*4.242*	0.126	2.483	0.231	2.194
	6792485
Galt	Gal-1-P-Uridylyltransferase	0.664	0.814	0.231	1.864	0.665	1.340
	6912944
Gfpt1	Glu-Fru-6-P-Transaminase 1	*0.020*	*2.110*	0.077	1.682	0.801	1.081
	6947679
Gfpt2	Glu-Fru-6-P-Transaminase 2	0.176	0.610	*0.087*	*0.426*	0.229	0.547
	6780767
Hk2	Hexokinase 2	*0.003*	*0.451*	0.040	1.375	0.039	0.655
	6954982
Pgm3	Phosphoglucomutase 2	*0.083*	*2.193*	0.676	1.178	0.654	1.286
	6997513
Pgm5	Phosphoglucomutase 5	*0.058*	*2.338*	*0.104*	*2.209*	*0.291*	*1.696*
	6872290
Slc13a5	Solute Carrier Family 13 Member A5	*0.003*	*2.588*	0.059	1.322	0.576	1.075
	6789531
Slc26a9	Solute Carrier Family 26 Member A9	0.012	0.227	*0.090*	*0.471*	*0.091*	*0.392*
	6753079
Slc35a3	Solute Carrier Family 35 Member A3	0.105	0.767	0.596	0.925	0.572	0.890
	6908510

*Core proteins*
Cd44	CD44 Molecule	*0.009*	*0.370*	0.144	0.728	0.873	0.955
	6889258
Gpc2	Glypican 2	Not measured		Not measured		Not measured
Gpc3	Glypican 3	*0.003*	*4.339*	*0.013*	*3.305*	*0.015*	*4.721*
	7016826
Gpc6	Glypican 6	*0.019*	*2.767*	0.109	1.747	0.193	1.640
	6821985
Hspg2	Perlecan	0.309	1.183	0.075	1.554	*0.042*	*2.230*
	6917933
Sdc1	Syndecan 1	*0.031*	*0.380*	*0.067*	*0.413*	0.103	0.424
	6793226
Sdc4	Syndecan 4	*0.017*	*0.341*	0.094	0.536	0.215	0.621
	6892905

*Preparation of linkage region*
B3gat1	β-1,3-Glucuronyltransferase 1	*0.008*	*3.467*	0.256	1.302	0.828	0.929
	6987632
B3gat2	β-1,3-Glucuronyltransferase 2	*0.009*	*3.241*	0.286	1.269	0.690	1.129
	6748174
B4galt2	β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase 2	0.039	1.726	0.053	1.856	0.176	1.477
	6924869

*Glycosaminoglycan chain polymerisation*
Chpf	Chondroitin Polymerizing Factor	0.071	1.679	0.182	1.459	0.309	1.403
	6759816
Chsy1	CS Synthase 1	Not measured		Not measured		Not measured
Chsy3	CS Synthase 3	0.429	1.153	0.056	1.769	0.849	1.058
	6861281
Cs-galnact1	CS-GalNAc-transferase 1	0.137	0.512	0.202	0.541	0.974	0.975
	6983073
Extl1	Exostoses (multiple)-like 1	*0.025*	*0.407*	0.149	0.625	0.144	0.505
	6926017
Extl2	Exostoses (multiple)-like 2	0.085	1.702	0.819	1.066	0.518	1.272
	6900659
Has2	Hyaluronan Synthase 2	*0.095*	*2.107*	0.157	1.969	0.537	1.403
	6854042

*Glycosaminoglycan chain modification*
Chst11	Chondroitin 4-O-Sulfotransferase 1	0.049	1.922	0.465	1.208	0.239	1.531
	6769366
Chst14	Dermatan 4 Sulfotransferase 1	0.151	1.491	0.506	1.191	0.773	1.122
	6880476
Chst2	Carbohydrate Sulfotransferase 2	*0.035*	*2.302*	*0.072*	*2.160*	0.207	1.682
	6997990
Chst3	Chondroitin 6-O-Sulfotransferase 1	0.885	1.034	0.108	1.545	0.162	1.530
	6774295
Chst8	GalNAc-4-O-Sulfotransferase 1	0.945	1.007	0.569	1.054	0.420	1.108
	6966453
Hs3st1	HS 3-O-sulfotransferase 1	0.074	1.658	0.105	1.688	0.119	1.824
	6937654
Hs3st3b1	HS 3-O-sulfotransferase 3b1	0.683	1.178	0.253	1.634	0.511	1.432
	6788991
Hs3st6	HS 3-O-sulfotransferase 6	*0.019*	*0.406*	0.291	0.771	0.721	1.130
	6849317
Hs6st2	HS 6O-sulfotransferase 2	*0.004*	*6.417*	*0.012*	*5.609*	*0.041*	*3.080*
	7016808
Ndst1	N-Deacetylase and N-Sulfotransferase 1	0.090	1.363	0.056	1.649	0.067	1.763
	6865926
Ndst2	N-Deacetylase and N-Sulfotransferase 2	0.822	1.044	0.059	1.697	0.083	1.733
	6823122
Ndst3	N-Deacetylase and N-Sulfotransferase 3	0.173	2.472	0.111	3.856	0.122	4.860
	6908958
Sulf1	Sulfatase 1	*0.010*	*4.522*	*0.051*	*2.546*	0.232	1.627
	6747641
Sumf2	Sulfatase modifying factor 2	Not measured		Not measured		Not measured

*Glycosaminoglycan chain degradation*
ArsJ	Arylsulfatase J	*0.003*	*2.498*	*0.006*	*3.164*	0.031	1.702
	6901136
ArsK	Arylsulfatase K	0.368	0.784	0.102	0.543	0.514	0.779
	6814451
Galns	Galactosamine (N-Acetyl)-6-Sulfatase	0.087	1.671	0.322	1.311	0.786	1.115
	6985943
Hpse	Heparanase	*0.021*	*0.267*	0.540	1.244	*0.095*	*0.360*
	6940363
Hyal1	Hyaluronoglucosamini-dase 1	*0.003*	*0.154*	*0.011*	*0.222*	*0.041*	*0.402*
	6992224
Sgsh	N-Sulfoglucosamine Sulfohydrolase	*0.017*	*0.458*	0.052	0.537	0.201	0.699
	6792702

*Growth factors*
Areg	Amphiregulin	*0.016*	*0.157*	*0.043*	*0.200*	0.333	0.550
	6932394
Bmp3	Bone morphogenetic growth factor 3	0.280	1.392	*0.067*	*2.381*	0.100	2.365
	6932718
Bmp5	Bone Morphogenetic growth factor 5	*0.001*	*7.247*	0.141	1.191	0.688	1.057
	6990569
Ctgf	Connective tissue growth factor	0.148	0.729	*0.025*	*0.366*	*0.068*	*0.485*
	6766623
Fgf10	Fibroblast growth factor 10	0.138	1.521	*0.057*	*2.250*	*0.094*	*2.142*
	6810592
Fgf13	Fibroblast growth factor 13	*0.012*	*2.998*	0.075	1.824	0.296	1.391
	7017134
Fgf2	Fibroblast growth factor 2	0.201	0.664	0.279	0.696	0.952	0.967
	6896850
Fgf20	Fibroblast growth factor 20	0.659	1.228	0.125	2.483	0.777	1.220
	6981854
Fgf22	Fibroblast growth factor 22	*0.005*	*0.329*	0.972	0.994	0.097	0.646
	6769141
Fgf7	Fibroblast growth factor 7	0.531	0.740	*0.078*	*0.286*	0.212	0.418
	6880900
Fgf8	Fibroblast growth factor 8	0.492	0.883	0.655	1.085	0.682	0.895
	6873363
Figf	C-fos induced growth factor	0.051	1.734	0.062	1.909	0.548	0.832
	7015007
Gdf10	Growth differentiation factor 10	*0.028*	*2.334*	0.757	1.086	0.894	1.060
	6818153
Hbegf	Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor	0.037	0.551	0.063	0.547	0.087	0.530
	6864680
Hdgf	Hepatoma-derived growth factor	0.104	1.246	0.575	1.070	0.409	1.147
	6899028
Igf1	Insulin-like growth factor 1	0.235	0.631	0.173	0.537	0.398	0.641
	6769597
Igf2	Insulin-like growth factor 2	*0.001*	*59.615*	*0.002*	*55.864*	*0.002*	*52.364*
	6972317
Nog	Noggin	0.275	2.605	0.517	1.773	0.677	1.712
	6790670
Pdgfa	Platelet-derived growth factor a	*0.028*	*2.013*	*0.035*	*2.347*	*0.057*	*2.338*
	6942654
Pdgfb	Platelet-derived growth factor b	0.037	0.704	0.199	1.197	0.157	1.298
	6837144
Pdgfc	Platelet-derived growth factor c	*0.019*	*2.152*	*0.035*	*2.207*	0.902	1.042
	6898686
Pdgfd	Platelet-derived growth factor d	0.925	0.952	0.191	0.504	0.790	1.205
	6986677
Shh	Sonic hedgehog	0.448	0.595	0.308	2.117	0.152	4.571
	6936889
Tgfb1	Transforming growht factor beta 1	0.106	0.552	0.241	0.653	0.975	0.981
	6959236
Tgfb2	Transforming growht factor beta 2	*0.057*	*2.441*	0.448	1.335	0.264	1.802
	6764953
Tgfb3	Transforming growth factor beta 3	*0.026*	*2.386*	0.238	1.408	0.100	2.077
	6802449
Vegfa	Vascular endothelial growth factor a	0.779	0.875	0.721	1.174	0.940	1.061
	6855659
Vegfb	Vascular endothelial growth factor b	0.008	1.461	0.031	1.318	0.060	1.277
	6871273
Vegfc	Vascular endothelial growth factor c	*0.088*	*2.120*	0.477	1.316	0.316	1.700
	6976200
Wnt10b	Wingless-related integration site 10b	0.629	1.280	0.120	2.812	0.240	2.325
	6838399
Wnt16	Wingless-related integration site 16	0.358	1.180	*0.026*	*2.402*	0.093	1.710
	6944581
Wnt2	Wingless-related integration site 2	*0.057*	*3.047*	*0.082*	*3.260*	0.122	3.219
	6951974
Wnt2b	Wingless-related integration site 2b	*0.009*	*2.189*	*0.024*	*2.030*	0.077	1.590
	6907887
Wnt3a	Wingless-related integration site 3a	0.457	1.199	0.103	1.728	0.684	1.159
	6788662
Wnt6	Wingless-related integration site 6	*0.011*	*3.166*	*0.032*	*2.668*	*0.064*	*2.352*
	6750567
Wnt7a	Wingless-related integration site 7a	*0.060*	*2.117*	0.131	1.865	0.395	1.456
	6955539
Wnt7b	Wingless-related integration site 7b	*0.072*	*2.297*	*0.050*	*3.623*	0.237	1.912
	6837582

Numbers in Italic are significant (p<0.10); numbers in bold are >2-fold differentially expressed. Genes indicated as “not measured” represent genes for which probes were not available on the used exon array version.