Ghrelin Ameliorates Angiotensin II-Induced Myocardial Fibrosis by Upregulating Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma in Young Male Rats
Table 1
Echocardiography results.
Control
Ang II
Ang II+ Ghrelin
AngII+Ghrelin +GW9662
AngII+ GW9662
Ghrelin
Echocardiography
HR (bpm)
389 ± 9
421 ± 11
404 ± 6
411 ± 11
422 ± 10
383 ± 7
EF (%)
77 ± 1.73
85 ± 1.50
81 ± 2.08
84 ± 1.35
85 ± 1.41
78 ± 1.74
FS (%)
38 ± 1.84
42 ± 2.21
40 ± 1.86
42 ± 2.37
42 ± 1.89
39 ± 1.96
LVPW; d (mm)
1.81 ± 0.07
2.38 ± 0.08*
1.9 ± 0.09#
2.30 ± 0.11&
2.38 ± 0.10
1.85 ± 0.07
LVPW; s (mm)
3.36 ± 0.11
4.05 ± 0.15*
3.49 ± 0.10#
3.98 ± 0.14&
4.06 ± 0.15
3.43 ± 0.09
LVID; d (mm)
6.74 ± 0.21
5.82 ± 0.23
6.31 ± 0.20
5.84 ± 0.22
5.65 ± 0.21
6.85 ± 0.22
LVID; s (mm)
3.28 ± 0.17
2.50 ± 0.20
2.83 ± 0.23
2.58 ±0.21
2.41 ± 0.18
3.29 ± 0.16
IVS; d (mm)
1.71 ± 0.07
2.25 ± 0.09*
1.81 ± 0.05#
2.12 ±0.06&
2.23 ± 0.11
1.73 ±0.06
IVS; s (mm)
3.32 ± 0.10
3.88 ± 0.14*
3.45 ± 0.08#
3.82 ± 0.01&
3.92 ± 0.11
3.36 ± 0.07
Ang II, angiotensin II; HR, heart rate; EF, ejection fraction; FS, fraction shortening; LVPW; d,l eft ventricular posterior wall thickness in diastole; LVPW; s, left ventricular posterior wall thickness in systole; LVID; d, left ventricular internal dimension in diastole; LVID; s, left ventricular internal dimension in systole; IVS; d, intraventricular septal thickness in diastole; IVS; s, intraventricular septal thickness in systole. Data are means ± SEM. *P < 0.05 versus Control. #P < 0.05 versus Ang II; &P < 0.05 versus Ang II+Ghrelin.
