A Preliminary Study of Biliary Microbiota in Patients with Bile Duct Stones or Distal Cholangiocarcinoma

Table 1

Characteristics of patients.

Characteristic	Group T	Group C	Group P	value
Gender
Male (, %)	3 (37.5%)	18 (40.9%)	9 (56.2%)	0.527
Female (, %)	5 (62.5%)	26 (59.1%)	7 (43.8%)		—
Age (range)	72.13 (60–95)	66.98 (44–90)	73.94 (49–92)	0.132
Diabetes ( , %)	0 (0.0%)	10 (22.7%)	4 (25%)	0.303
Dyslipidemia ( , %)	1 (12.5%)	15 (34.1%)	4 (25%)	0.424
Hypertension (n, %)	5 (62.5%)	17 (38.6%)	6 (37.5%)	0.426
Elevated ALT or AST (IU/L) ( , %)	7 (87.5%)	25 (56.8%)	7 (43.75%)	0.123
Elevated Tbil and/or Dbil (µmol/L) ( , %)	6 (75.0%)	19 (43.2%)	7 (43.75%)	0.241
Elevated Scr (µmoi/l) ( , %)	2 (25.0%)	6 (13.6%)	2 (12.5%)	0.678
Elevated WBC or NE (10^9/L) ( , %)	0 (0.0%)	7 (15.9%)	0 (0.0%)	0.119
Cholecystolithiasis (, %)	1 (12.5%)	23 (52.3%)	7 (43.7%)	0.114

AST, Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, Alanine aminotransferase; Tbil, total bilirubin; Dbil, Direct Bilirubin; Cre, creatinine; WBC, White blood cell; NE, neutrophilicgranulocyte. The dCCA group (Tumor group, T), the new onset of CBD stones group (CBD stones group, C), and recurrent CBD stones group (Post-ERCP CBD stones group, P) denoted as “Group T”, “Group C”, and “Group P”, respectively, in the table.