Mental Health and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Toward Understanding the Emotional Status of People with Chronic Disease

Table 3

Correlation matrix. Correlation between pain intensity, mental flexibility, coping, anxiety, and depression.

	1	1a	1b	2	3	4	5	6	7
	Biological treatment
1. Pain intensity		.93^∗∗ (p<.001)	.95^∗∗ (p<.001)	.04 (p=.777)	.07 (p=.584)	.17 (p=.199)	.29^∗  (p=.028)	.41^∗∗ (p=.001)	.27^∗  (p=.043)
a. Daytime pain	.92^∗∗ (p<.001)		.77^∗∗ (p<.001)	.05 (p=.698)	.12 (p=.389)	.13 (p=.323)	.25 (p=.063)	.35^∗∗ (p=.008)	.28^∗ (p=.036)
b. Night pain	.96^∗∗ (p<.001)	.76^∗∗; (p<.001)		.02 (p=.876)	.03 (p=.838)	.19 (p=.160)	.30^∗  (p=.024)	.42^∗∗ (p=.001)	.23 (p=.087)
2. Ego-Resiliency	-.01 (p=.957)	.01; (p=.977)	-.02; (p=.912)		.24 (p=.070)	.23 (p=.081)	-.08 (p=.555)	-.24 (p=.075)	-.39^∗∗; (p=.002)
3. Cognitive coping	-.16; (p=.420)	-.14; (p=.472)	-.15 (p=.433)	.40^∗ (p=.038)		.76^∗∗ (p<.001)	.28^∗ (p=.035)	-.33^∗ (p=.012)	-.18 (p=.175)
4. Distraction coping	-.01; (p=.957)	.01; (p=.977)	-.02 (p=.914)	.59^∗∗ (p=.001)	.55^∗∗; (p=.003)		.28^∗ (p=.038)	-.09 (p=.505)	-.18 (p=.179)
5. Catastrophizing coping	.34; (p=.076)	.41^∗; (p=.029)	.25 (p=.195)	.14; (p=.480)	.18 (p=.372)	.25 (p=.205)		.25 (p=.062)	.26^∗ (p=.048)
6. Anxiety	.36; (p=.091)	.41^∗; (p=.032)	.23 (p=.235)	-.18 (p=.354)	-.11 (p=.592)	-.04 (p=.840)	.37 (p=.054)		.39^∗∗ (p=.003)
7. Depression	.39^∗; (p=.039)	.24; (p=.227)	.46^∗; (p=.013)	-.44^∗  (p=.020)	-.49^∗∗  (p=.008)	-.17 (p=.376)	-.11 (p=.581)	.20 (p=.303)
	Nonbiological treatment

< 0,05, ^∗∗p< 0,01, correlation coefficients for patients in biological treatment are reported in upper right side of the table; on the contrary, correlation for patients in nonbiological treatment is showed in lower left side of the table.