The Risk of Retinopathy of Prematurity in the Infants following Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of the included studies.

Author (year)	Country	Study design	Source of the study population	Study period	ART type	ROP stage	Case/ control	Methodological quality
Watts et al. (2000)	United Kingdom	Cross-sectional study	Infants fulfilled the Royal College of Ophthalmologists and British Association of Perinatal Medicine criteria for screening for ROP	1995-1998	IVF	ROP (stage ≥3)	21/158	4
Friling et al. (2007)	Israel	Case-control study	Premature infants with birth weight < 1500 g	1998-2000	ART	ROP (stage 0, 1, 2, 3)	159/204	6
Chan et al. (2010)	United States	Cross-sectional study	Infants with GA < 32 weeks and/or birth weight < 1500 g	2002-2007	ART	Lasered or post GA lasered	146/253	6
Vibhuti et al. (2011)	Canada	Cohort	Preterm multiple births born at ≤ 32 weeks GA	2005-2008	ART	ROP (stage >2)	137/233	5
Vasileios et al. (2011)	Greece	Cross-sectional study	Preterm neonates born with a GA of 24–32 weeks or birth weight < 1500 g and hospitalised in the NICU	2000-2008	IVF	ROP	34/189	8
Alpay et al. (2012)	Turkey	Cross-sectional study	Premature infants with GA ≤ 34 and examined for ROP	2005-2009	IVF	ROP (stage 1, ≥2)	21/309	7
Mirea et al. (2013)	Canada	Case-control study	Twin pairs born at 32 weeks gestation with both co-twins admitted to a Level 3 NICU	2010-2011	ART	ROP (stage ≥3)	432/1076	7
Corchia et al. (2014)	Italy	Cohort	Infants born at 22 to 31 completed weeks of GA and admitted to NICU	2003-2005	ART	ROP (stage ≥3)	314/2620	8
Chiarelli et al. (2015)	Canada	Cross-sectional study	Singleton infants born at 23 to 32 weeks GA	2010-2012	ART	ROP (stage ≥3)	327/7065	6
Barker et al. (2017)	United Kingdom	Case-control study	Infants born < 32 weeks and/or < 1501 g in Homerton University Hospital NHS Founda on Trust	2007-2011	ART	ROP (stage 1, 2, 3)	50/59	6
Shah et al. (2018)	United States	Secondary analysis of RCTs	Multiple gestation pregnancies in 14 academic sites across the United States	2004-2006	ART	ROP	89/38	6
Tian et al. (2018)	China	Cohort	Very low birth weight infants admitted at West China Second University Hospital	2012-2015	IVF	ROP (stage 1, 2, ≥3)	98/406	3
Al-Hathlol (2018)	Kingdom of Saudi Arabia	Cohort	Low birth weight preterm infants admitted in NICU of King Abdulaziz Medical City	2000-2014	IVF	ROP (stage 3-4)	236/1297	6
Heo et al. (2019)	Korea	Cohort	Very low birth weight infants infant admitted or transferred within 28 days after birth to NICU	2014-2016	IVF	ROP (stage ≥3)	1572/5299	7
Ahmad et al. (2019)	United States	Cohort	Infants from Pediatrix-managed NICUs delivered between 23 and 34 weeks GA	2009-2016	IVF	ROP (stage ≥3)	6756/20268	6