Relationship between Clinicopathologic Variables in Breast Cancer Overall Survival Using Biogeography-Based Optimization Algorithm

Table 1

Comparison of clinicopathologic variables between the surviving and deceased patients.

Variable	Total		Survival		Expired		p-value
	N	%	N	%	N	%
Age (years)							0.123
≤ 50	719	37.92	688	37.60	31	46.97
> 50	1177	62.08	1142	62.40	35	53.03
Grade							0.122
I, II	1286	67.83	1247	68.14	39	59.09
III	610	32.17	583	31.86	27	40.91
Her 2							0.040
Negative	1230	64.87	1195	65.30	35	65.30
Positive	666	35.13	635	34.70	31	46.97
Estrogen receptor							<0.001
Negative	510	26.90	476	26.01	34	51.52
Positive	1386	73.10	1354	73.99	32	48.48
Progesterone receptor							0.001
Negative	701	36.97	664	36.28	37	56.06
Positive	1195	63.03	1166	63.72	29	43.94
Tumor size (AJCC stage)							<0.001
≤ 2 cm	1161	61.23	1142	62.40	19	28.79
> 2 cm	735	38.77	688	37.60	47	71.21
Lymph node (AJCC stage)							<0.001
Negative	1265	33.72	1240	67.67	25	37.88
Positive	631	33.28	590	32.24	41	62.12
Lymphovascular invasion							<0.001
Negative	1326	69.94	1293	70.66	33	50.00
Positive	570	30.06	537	29.34	33	50.00
Dermal invasion							0.009
Negative	1798	94.83	1740	95.08	58	87.88
Positive	98	5.17	90	4.92	8	12.12
Perineural invasion							<0.001
Negative	1659	87.5	1610	87.98	49	74.24
Positive	237	12.50	220	12.02	17	25.76
Surgery method							<0.001
Partial mastectomy	1133	59.76	1113	60.82	20	30.30
Total mastectomy	763	40.24	717	39.18	46	69.70
Radiotherapy (RT)							0.050
With RT	1194	62.97	1160	63.39	34	51.52
Without RT	702	37.03	670	36.61	32	48.48
Chemotherapy							0.004
With CT	1140	60.13	1089	59.51	51	77.27
Without CT	756	39.87	741	40.49	15	22.73
Hormone therapy							<0.001
With HT	1265	69.13	28	42.42	1265	69.13
Without HT	565	30.87	38	57.58	565	30.87
Target therapy							0.232
With TT	302	15.93	288	15.74	14	21.21
Without TT	1594	84.07	1542	84.26	52	78.79

-value is estimated using the chi-squared test.
HER2: human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.