Postpartum Weight Retention and Cardiometabolic Risk among Saudi Women: A Follow-Up Study of RAHMA Subcohort
Table 1
Comparison of the demographic and obstetric characteristics of the study population according to postpartum weight retention category.
Characteristic
Weight retention <3kg N=34
Weight retention 3 to less than 7kg N=40
Weight retention ≥ 7kg N=41
p-value
Age
31.2±5.7
31.9±5.3
32.2±6.4
0.75
Education
Schools
12 (35.3)
13 (32.5)
17 (41.5)
0.69
University or higher
22 (64.7)
27 (67.5)
24 (58.5)
Occupation
Housewife
27 (79.4)
33 (82.5)
36 (87.8)
0.61
Employed
7 (20.6)
7 (17.5)
5 (12.2)
Monthly income
<5,000 SR
2 (6.1)
1(2.6)
1(2.5)
0.61
5,000-<10,000 SR
18 (54.5)
19 (50.0)
26 (65.0)
10,000 or more SR
13 (39.4)
18 (47.4)
13 (32.5)
Family history of diabetes
19 (55.9)
17(42.5)
23 (56.1)
0.39
Index Pregnancy characteristics
Pre-pregnancy weight(kg)
65.4±12.8
65.0±10.3
72.6±11.9
<0.01
Parity
2.6±2.0
3.2±1.6
2.9±1.6
0.37
OGTT results (mmol/l)
Fasting plasma glucose
4.4±0.5
4.5±0.5
4.7±0.7
0.03§
One-hour plasma glucose
7.7±1.5
7.1±1.8
7.3±0.7
0.38
Two-hour plasma glucose
6.1±1.7
5.9±1.6
5.9±1.9
0.92
GDM
3 (8.8)
5 (15.0)
8 (19.5)
0.43
Pregnancy associated HTN
1 (2.9)
2 (5.0)
2 (4.8)
0.31
Caesarean section delivery
6 (17.6)
9 (22.5)
12 (29.3)
0.20
Birth weight
2.8±0.4
2.8±0.3
2.9±0.3
0.63
Postpartum
Breast feeding
Initiation
29 (85.3)
39 (97.5)
40 (97.6)
0.06
At 4 months
20 (58.8)
25 (62.5)
27 (65.9)
0.82
At 6 months
16 (47.1)
12 (30.0)
13 (31.7)
0.25
At 12 months
7 (20.6)
2 (5.0)
7 (17.1)
0.11
Contraception
Hormonal
16 (47.1)
22 (55.0)
21 (51.2)
0.778
Non-hormonal
4 (11.8)
7 (17.5)
7 (17.1)
GDM = Gestational diabetes, OGTT = Oral glucose tolerance test, HTN=Hypertension, significant difference between participants in Weight retention ≥ 7kg and the other two groups, §significant difference between participants in Weight retention ≥ 7kg and participants with Weight retention <3kg
