Increased Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in People with a Previous Diagnosis of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Nationwide Retrospective Population-Based Case-Control Study

Table 2

Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses using patients’ characteristics as predictors for the development of CAD with/without a previous diagnosis of CTS.

Variable	Crude ORs		Adjusted ORs^§
	(95% CI)	P-value	(95% CI)	P-value
CTS
No	1 (Reference)		1 (Reference)
Yes	1.75 (1.63-1.89)	<.0001	1.46 (1.34-1.58)	<.0001
Sex
Female	1 (Reference)		1 (Reference)
Male	1.00 (0.98-1.02)	0.99	1.09 (1.06-1.11)	<.0001
Age, years
<18	1 (Reference)		1 (Reference)
18–39	1.07 (0.85-1.34)	0.5657	0.84 (0.67-1.06)	0.1349
40–65	1.07 (0.85-1.33)	0.5735	0.54 (0.43-0.67)	<.0001
>65	1.07 (0.85-1.33)	0.5739	0.38 (0.30-0.47)	<.0001
Comorbidity^Ɨ
Diabetes mellitus	2.08 (2.02-2.13)	<.0001	1.25 (1.21-1.29)	<.0001
Hypertension	3.47 (3.40-3.55)	<.0001	3.35 (3.27-3.43)	<.0001
Hyperlipidemia	2.58 (2.52-2.65)	<.0001	1.80 (1.76-2.85)	<.0001

^§Adjusted for CTS, age, sex, DM, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. ^ƗThe Reference population consisted of patients without the comorbidity. CAD = coronary artery disease; CTS = carpal tunnel syndrome. P <0.001 vs Reference population (patients without CAD).