|
| Model system | Intervention | Dose and duration | Results | Conclusions | Ref. |
|
| Diet-induced obesity mice model | Lactobacillus rhamnosus PB01 (DSM 14870) | 1 × 109 CFU per day for 4 weeks | ↑ Serum testosterone, FSH and LH levels.
↑ Sperm kinetics
↑ Highly active motile sperm level.
↓ Non-motile sperm count. | DSM 14870 supplementation increased sperm kinetics and amount of active motile sperm in diet-induced obese mice. | [49] |
|
| Diet-induced obesity mice model | L. rhamnosus and ultrasound | 1 × 108 CFU per
day for 8 weeks | ↓ Body weight, total body fat.
↓ Thickness of the subcutaneous fat layer.
Improved the plasma lipid profile. | L. rhamnosus supplementation with ultrasound treatment effectively reduced the fat content and improved lipid profile in diet-induced obese mice. | [50] |
|
| High-energy-diet-fed rats | L. reuteri 263 | 2.1 × 109 CFU per kg per day for 8 weeks or 1.05 ×1010 CFU per kg per day for 8 weeks | ↑ Proinflammatory factors and antioxidant enzymes.
↑ Oxygen consumption.
↑ Expression of genes associated with thermogenesis, glucose and lipid metabolism. | L. reuteri 263 supplementation improved the obese condition via remodeling of energy metabolism in the high-energy-diet fed rat model. | [51] |
|
| High-fat diet rat | L. plantarum and L. fermentum | 1 × 108 CFU per day for 8 weeks | ↓ Fat vehicle sizes, liver steatosis, endotoxin, IL-6 level
↑ Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium content. | Probiotic supplementation altered the microbiota and inflammatory system in the high-fat-diet fed rat model. | [52] |
|
| High-fat-diet-induced obese mice | Soy-based probiotic drink
(B. longum ATCC15707 and Enterococcus faecium CRL183) | 1 × 108 CFU per day for 70 days | ↓ IL-6, IL-10.
↓ Size of adipocytes, Body weight gain.
↑ Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus content. | Probiotic soy drink positively regulated the intestinal microbiota and immune profile of the high-fat-diet induced obese mice model. | [53] |
|
| High-fat-diet induced obese rat | Probiotic formula
(L. rhamnosus LR5, L. acidophilus LA1, S. thermophilus ST3, B. longum BG7, B. lactis BL3, and B. bifidum BF3) | 1 × 107 CFU per day for 8 weeks | ↓ Body weight
↑ Lactobacillus, Bacteroidetes, and
Bifidobacterium content.
↓ Firmicutes
Improved the serum level metabolic profile. | Probiotic supplementation diminished the consequences of high-fat-diet induced obesity in the high-fat-diet induced obese rat model. | [54] |
|
