Do Statins Have a Positive Impact on Patients with Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction on Long-Term Clinical Outcome? A Large Retrospective Cohort Study

Table 2

Results of univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model regression analysis of MACE.

Variables	Univariate analysis		Multivariate anaysis
	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value
Age	1.01 (0.99-1.02)	0.225
Femal sex n (%)	0.71 (0.58-0.87)	0.001
Smoking history n (%)	0.53 (0.42-0.65)	<0.001
BMI	1.02 (0.97-1.06)	0.463
Hypertension n (%)	0.57 (0.46-0.70)	<0.001
Diabetes mellitus n (%)	0.71 (0.55-0.92)	0.010
Chronic kidney disease n (%)	0.47 (0.35-0.64)	<0.001
Hyperlipemia n (%)	0.56 (0.45-0.71)	<0.001
NYHA III/IV n (%)	0.54 (0.40-0.72)	<0.001	1.44 (1.03-2.01)	0.031
AF /AFL n (%)	0.19 (0.09-0.39)	<0.001
PCI history n (%)	0.31 (0.24-0.40)	0.310	3.69 (2.57-5.31)	<0.001
Lipid profile
TC	1.00 (0.92-1.09)	0.973
TG	1.10 (1.02-1.19)	0.011	1.15 (1.06-1.26)	0.001
HDL-C	0.93 (0.67-1.31)	0.698
LDL-C	0.99 (0.89-1.10)	0.805
Glucose	0.95 (0.91-1.00)	0.053
BUN	0.97 (0.94-1.01)	0.160
Creatinine	1.00 (0.99-1.02)	0.034	1.00 (1.00-1.01)	<0.001
ALT	0.99 (0.99-1.00)	0.213
AST	0.99 (0.99-1.00)	0.488
CK-MB	0.99 (0.98-1.00)	0.235
cTnT	0.98 (0.97-0.99)	<0.001	0.98 (0.96-0.99)	<0.001
NT-proBNP	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	0.015
WBC	0.98 (0.95-1.01)	0.132
Hemoglobin	1.01 (1.00-1.01)	0.072
Platelet count	0.99 (0.99-0.99)	0.009
Uric acid	1.00 (0.99-1.00)	0.700
LVEF%	1.00 (0.99-1.01)	0.949
Systolic pressure	1.01 (0.99-1.01)	0.095
Diastolic pressure	0.99 (0.08-1.00)	0.123
Heart rate	0.99 (0.98-1.00)	0.005	0.98 (0.97-0.99)	0.001
RAAS n (%)	0.81 (0.66-0.98)	0.031
CCB n (%)	0.76 (0.58-0.99)	0.044
β-blocker n (%)	0.59 (0.48-0.72)	<0.001	0.68 (0.51-0.91)	0.008
Antisterone n (%)	0.89 (0.64-1.23)	0.471
Diuretic n (%)	1.01 (0.75-1.37)	0.931
Aspirin n (%)	0.67 (0.52-0.85)	0.001	0.38 (0.24-0.61)	<0.001
Clopidogrel/ticagrelor	0.50 (0.37-0.69)	<0.001
Statin	0.42 (0.32-0.56)	<0.001	0.33 (0.19-0.60)	<0.001

BMI, Body Mass Index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; AF, atrial fibrillation; AFL, atrial flutter; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RAAS, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; CCB, calcium channel blockers; BUN, urea nitrogen; WBC, white blood cell count; NYHA, New York Heart Association classification; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; LVEF, left ventricular ejective fraction; RAAS, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS); MACE, Major Adverse Cardio.