Erythropoiesis and Iron Homeostasis in Non-Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia Patients with Extramedullary Hematopoiesis
Table 2
Biomarkers of erythropoiesis and iron metabolism of NTDT patients with and without EMH and normal controls.
Parameters
EMH (+)
EMH (-)
Normal
p value
n=26
n=26
n=26
Hb(g/L)
71.5±15.11★
75±14.68★
136.96±12.39
<0.001
Hb<60
5(19.2%)
2(7.7%)
0.226
60≤Hb<90
15(57.7%)
17(65.4%)
Hb≥90
6(23.1%)
7 (26.9%)
A2
4.93(1.2-46.8)★
4(0.5-61.5)★
2.8 (2.2-3.3)
0.003
F
22.6(0.2-95.8)★
25.6(0.1-97.3)★
0.4 (0.2-1.2)
<0.001
Liver Function
ALT(U/L)
26.5(4-80)★
22(7-65)
17(9-28)
0.001
AST(U/L)
34(12-122)★
32(11-119)★
16.5(7-35)
0.001
Serum ferritin(ng/mL)
2450.50(13.85-8300.0)★,●
1458.0(82.78-6128.0)★
138.05(30.90-535.7)
<0.001
SF<800
7 (26.9%)
6 (23.1%)
0.017
800≤SF<2500
6 (23.1%)
16 (61.5%)
SF≥2500
13 (50.0%)
4 (15.4%)
LIC (mg/g dry tissue)
20.05±14.74
17.85±12.43
NA
0.74
LIC<3
1(4.8%)
1(4.8%)
0.760
3≤LIC<7
6(25.0%)
5(20.8%)
7≤LIC<15
5(20.8%)
5(20.8%)
LIC>15
12(50.0%)
13(54.2%)
Cardiac T2(ms)
33.38±15.18
31.59±14.33
NA
0.73
T2<20
2(15.3)
3 (13.0%)
0.846
T2≥20
11(84.6%)
20 (87.0%)
Hepcidin ( ng/mL)
30.47(0.66-154.3)★
22.06(1.0-130.67)★
112.38(31.50-170.40)
<0.001
EPO( mIU/mL)
30.0(6.66-114.36)★,●
40.62(10.03-13472.0)★
5.85(3.5-29.40)
<0.001
GDF-15( pg/mL)
9428.32(536.28-38660.57)★,●
3097.8(6.95-34298.90)★
176.02(58.57-953.62)
<0.001
STfR( mg/L)
8.15 (2.42-8.47)★
8.07 (3.07-9.87)★
2.63 (0.32-5.34)
<0.001
GDF-15/hepcidin ratio
483.96 (6.04-4807.2)★
121.62 (0.21-34398.3)★
1.77(0.63-6.78)
<0.001
GDF-15/EPO ratio
310.86 (42.09-4609.2)★,●
83.04 (6.0-1002.3)★
27.08(3.89-138.85)
<0.001
GDF-15/sTfR ratio
1257.62 (94.8-4609.2)★,●
420.6 (0.87-4136.87)★
0.64(18.33-330.18)
<0.001
ERFE(ng/mL)
0.324(0.156-20.826)★
0.379(0.156-2.067)★
0.843(0.156-4.774)
0.027
Hepcidin/ERFE ratio
43.51(1.97-989.49)★
38.08 (3.13-524.26-0.319)★
136.06(14.90-963.76)
0.031
EPO/ERFE ratio
98.47(0.88-368.71)★●
150.03(27.61-33718.6)★
8.28(1.35-49.04)
0.003
ERFE/sTfR ratio
0.04(0.018-3.132)★
0.054(0.019-0.252)★
0.39(0.037-7.589
<0.001
ERFE/GDF15 ratio
0.00003(0.0000095-0.0055)★●
0.00007(0.0000069-0.256)★
0.0055(0.00029-0.025)
<0.001
Significant difference between EMH (+), EMH (-), and normal controls: ★significant difference when compared to normal controls; ●significant difference when compared to EMH (-).
