Serum Human Epididymis Protein 4 is Associated with Renal Function and Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Table 2

Relationship between HE4 Levels and baseline characteristics in T2DM patients.

	Univariable			Multivariable
	Sβ	R^2	value	β ± SE	Sβ	value
Age (y)	0.375	0.141	<0.001	0.005 ± 0.001	0.180	<0.001
Female, n (%)	−0.093	0.009	0.158
BMI	0.044	0.002	0.501
Current smoker, n (%)	0.038	0.001	0.557
Current drinker, n (%)	0.103	0.011	0.115
Hypertension, n (%)	0.233	0.054	<0.001	−0.032 ± 0.030	−0.046	0.292
Coronary heart disease	−0.054	0.003	0.406
Peripheral neuropathy	0.073	0.005	0.266
Peripheral artery disease	0.077	0.006	0.238
Diabetic retinopathy	0.085	0.007	0.193
Diabetic foot ulcers	0.208	0.043	0.001	−0.055 ± 0.059	−0.040	0.352
Diabetic ketosis	−0.102	0.010	0.119
Laboratory measurements
eGFR	−0.830	0.690	<0.001	−1.057 ± 0.104	−0.646	<0.001
Blood glucose	−0.255	0.065	<0.001	0.037 ± 0.072	0.022	0.607
HbA1c	−0.059	0.003	0.421
Insulin	0.007	<0.001	0.917
C-peptide	0.170	0.029	0.014	−0.057 ± 0.032	−0.077	0.075
TG	−0.089	0.008	0.177
TC	−0.188	0.035	0.004	−0.347 ± 0.245	−0.114	0.174
HDL-C	−0.249	0.062	<0.001	−0.480 ± 0.142	−0.149	0.001
LDL-C	−0.163	0.026	0.014	0.055 ± 0.153	0.028	0.719
CRP	0.321	0.103	<0.001	0.083 ± 0.023	0.155	<0.001
Serum urea	0.716	0.513	<0.001	0.286 ± 0.112	0.153	0.011
Serum uric acid	0.402	0.162	<0.001	−0.140 ± 0.123	−0.054	0.256

T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; HE4, human epididymis protein 4; BMI, body mass index; DKD, diabetic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; TG, triglyceridecreatinine; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; CRP, C-reactive protein; UA, uric acid.