Icaritin: A Novel Natural Candidate for Hematological Malignancies Therapy

Table 1

Apoptotic activity of icaritin and the underlying signaling pathways in hematological cancer cells.

Cell lines	Pathway of apoptosis	Molecular markers	Signaling pathways	References
Burkitt lymphoma; (Raji, P3HR-1)	extrinsic	activated caspase-8,-9 PARP; decreased Bcl-2 and c-myc	Inhibition of Bcl-2 and c-myc	[44]
Multiple myeloma; (U266)	intrinsic	activated caspase-3,-9, Bak, Bax; decreased Bcl-X1	inhibition of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3; Up-regulation of JNK-c-jun	[41]
Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma; (SNK-10, SNT-8)	intrinsic	activated caspase-3,-9, Bax; decreased Bcl-2, p-Bad	inhibition of JAK/STAT3 and PI3K/Akt	[42]
Chronic myeloid leukemia; (K562)	intrinsic	activated caspase-3,-9; decreased Apaf-1,; release of cytochrome C	inhibition of MAPK/ERK and; PI3K/AKT; up-regulation of JNK/c-jun	[40]
Acute myeloid leukemia; (NB4, HL60, U937; Bone marrow mononuclear cell)	intrinsic	activated caspase-3,-7,-9, PARP	inhibition of MAPK/ERK/JNK and; JAK2/STAT3 /AKT	[43]