The Incidence and Risk Factors of Hip Fracture after Liver Transplantation (LT): A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Table 2

The risk factors for hip fracture analyzed by the Cox regression model.

Variables	Event	PYs	Rate	Crude HR; 95% CI	Adjusted HR; 95% CI
Transplantation
No	70	93116	7.52	Ref	Ref
Yes	17	7910	21.49	2.88 (1.70–4.90)	2.71 (1.21–6.05)
Age group (years)
<45	11	25593	4.30	Ref	Ref
45–64	59	69965	8.43	2.11 (1.11–4.03)	1.70 (0.87–3.30)
≧65	17	5467	31.1	8.40 (3.90–18.1)	5.21 (2.26–12.0)
Sex
Female	25	25650	9.75	Ref	Ref
Male	62	75375	8.23	0.87 (0.55–1.39)	1.05 (0.64–1.72)
CAD
No	67	87674	7.64	Ref	Ref
Yes	20	13351	15.0	2.06 (1.25–3.39)	1.10 (0.63–1.92)
DM
No	65	89731	7.24	Ref	Ref
Yes	22	11294	19.5	2.79 (1.72–4.53)	1.66 (0.98–2.79)
Epilepsy
No	85	100180	8.48	Ref	Ref
Yes	2	845	23.7	2.84 (0.70–11.5)	1.44 (0.33–6.18)
Hypertension
No	47	73007	6.44	Ref	Ref
Yes	40	28019	14.3	2.33 (1.52–3.56)	1.33 (0.81–2.20)
Osteoporosis
No	81	96345	8.41	Ref	Ref
Yes	6	4680	12.8	1.58 (0.69–3.61)	0.91 (0.37–2.20)
Stroke
No	77	98853	7.79	Ref	Ref
Yes	10	2173	46.0	6.24 (3.22–12.1)	3.34 (1.62–6.87)
ESRD
No	86	100555	8.55	Ref	Ref
Yes	1	471	21.25	2.53 (0.35–18.2)	0.99 (0.13–7.29)
HBV infection
No	78	92224	8.46	Ref	Ref
Yes	9	8801	10.23	1.26 (0.63–2.52)	0.55 (0.24–1.26)
HCV infection
No	75	97930	7.66	Ref	Ref
Yes	12	3095	38.77	5.38 (2.92–9.93)	2.64 (1.21–5.76)
Steroid
No	36	46846	7.68	Ref	Ref
Yes	51	54180	9.41	2.88 (1.70, 4.90)	0.91 (0.57, 1.45)

PYs: person-years; Rate: incidence rate, per 10000 person-years; ref: reference for baseline. CI: confidence interval; CAD: coronary artery disease; DM: diabetes mellitus; ESRD: end-stage renal disease; HBV: hepatitis B virus; HCV: hepatitis C virus infection.