Dorsal Penile Nerve Block via Perineal Approach, an Alternative to a Caudal Block for Pediatric Circumcision: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Figure 4

Changes in heart rates and respiratory rates before and during the surgical procedures between the two groups: Group DPNB, the dorsal penile nerve block, and Group CB, the caudal block. Image (a) heart rates; Image (b) respiratory rates. T1, the time before any anesthesia procedure baseline (the data collected from the medical records); T2, the time-point after on inserting a laryngeal mask; T3, the time on removing when the prepuce is removed; T4, when the time on stitching the last part of prepuce; T5, time-point the time after on pulling out the laryngeal mask. A P value less than 0.05 is considered as a statistical significance. No significant change in HRs and RRs between the two groups is found.

(a)

(b)