Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Is Regulated by the Canonical and Noncanonical Transforming Growth Factor-β Pathway in Synovial Fibroblasts Derived from Osteoarthritis Patients

Figure 3

ALK5 and TAK1 inhibitors suppressed TGFβ-induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 and p38. Western blotting was used to examine levels of phosphorylated SMAD2 and p38 MAPK. Synovial fibroblasts were stimulated with α-MEM (control), hrTGFβ (TGFβ), hrTGFβ + SB505124 (TGFβ + SB505124), or hrTGFβ + SB203580 (TGFβ + SB230580) for 30 min prior to protein extraction and western blotting. P indicates the phosphorylated form.