The Effect of Butyrate-Supplemented Parenteral Nutrition on Intestinal Defence Mechanisms and the Parenteral Nutrition-Induced Shift in the Gut Microbiota in the Rat Model

Figure 2

Host defence peptide proteins and mRNA expression in the ileum. (a)–(c) Lysozyme staining, magnification x 200; (d) lysozyme staining quantification; (e) lysozyme mRNA expression; (f) RD5 mRNA expression; (g) Defa8 mRNA expression; (h) RegIIIγ mRNA expression. mRNA expression is given as a fold change over the control group. Results are presented using Tukey box-and-whisker plots as quartiles (25%, median, and 75%). <0.01 PN versus control; ^††p <0.01; ^†††p<0.001 PN+But versus control; ^#p<0.05, ^###p<0.001 PN+But versus PN.

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