The Effect of Butyrate-Supplemented Parenteral Nutrition on Intestinal Defence Mechanisms and the Parenteral Nutrition-Induced Shift in the Gut Microbiota in the Rat Model

Figure 6

The effect of butyrate on cytokine and IgA mRNA expression. (a) IL-10 expression in Peyer’s patches; (b) IL-4 expression in Peyer’s patches; (c) IgA expression in the intestinal mucosa; (d) IFNγ expression in Peyers patches. mRNA expression is expressed as a fold change over the control group. Results are presented using Tukey box-and-whisker plots as quartiles (25%, median, and 75%). p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001 PN versus control; ^††p<0.01 PN+But versus control; ^#p<0.05; ^##p<0.01 PN+But versus PN.

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