Musculoskeletal Factors and Geriatric Syndromes Related to the Absence of Musculoskeletal Degenerative Disease in Elderly People Aged over 70 Years
Table 1
Characteristics of the 279 subjects aged ≥70 years.
Variable
Value
Age (years)
75.2 (4.5)
Gender (male, %)
48.0% ()
Body mass index (kg/m2)
23.5 (3.0)
Grip strength (kg)
26.1 (8.5)
Back muscle strength (kg)
64.7 (27.9)
Physical ability
10 m gait time (s)
5.6 (1.0)
3 m TUG (s)
6.9 (1.3)
Maximum stride (%)
71.1% (7.3)
Two-step test score
1.37 (0.15)
Pain
VAS (low back pain) (mm)
12.0 (19.3)
VAS (sciatica) (mm)
10.7 (19.2)
VAS (knee joint pain) (mm)
14.0 (22.7)
NeP (+) (n)
15.4% ()
Platform measurements of balance
LNG/TIME (cm/s)
Eyes open
1.9 (0.77)
Eyes closed
2.5 (1.2)
E AREA (cm2)
Eyes open
2.9 (1.5)
Eyes closed
3.9 (2.7)
Spinal parameters
Thoracic kyphosis angle (°)
39.9 (10.2)
Lumbar lordosis angle (°)
12.5 (10.7)
Sacral inclination angle (°)
4.0 (8.3)
Spinal inclination angle (°)
1.8 (4.8)
ROM (thoracic spine)
11.6 (14.8)
ROM (lumbar spine)
42.1 (13.6)
Geriatric disease
LS (%) (n)
21.5% ()
Frailty (%) (n)
15.1% ()
Sarcopenia (%) ()
25.4% ()
Musculoskeletal degenerative disease
%YAM
74.4% (11.9)
Osteoporosis (%)
36.2% ()
K-OA (%)
46.6% ()
L-OA (%)
25.8% ()
QOL
PCS (SF-36)
45.6 (12.1)
MCS (SF-36)
53.8 (7.6)
Values are shown as a mean or percentage (SD or number of patients (n) in parentheses). TUG: timed up and go test, VAS: visual analogue scale, NeP: neuropathic pain, LNG/TIME: distance of movement of the center of pressure (COP) per second, E AREA: envelopment area traced by movement of the COP, ROM: range of motion, LS: locomotive syndrome, YAM: young adult mean, K-OA: knee osteoarthritis, L-OA: lumbar spondylosis, PCS: physical component summary, MCS: mental component summary. Positive value indicates lordosis of the lumbar spine in this study.
