Insomnia among Medical and Paramedical Students in Jordan: Impact on Academic Performance

Table 1

Demographic characteristics and other variables of the study population (n = 986).

No.	Variable	Statistics
1	Age	20.9 ± 2.2
2	Gender
	Male	361 (36.9%)
	Female	616 (63.1%)
3	College
	Nursing and Midwifery	152 (15.6%)
	Pharmacy and Pharm. D	154 (15.8%)
	Dentistry	159 (16.3%)
	Applied Medical Sciences	212 (21.7%)
	Medicine and Surgery	299 (30.6%)
4	Academic year+
	1^st	156 (16.1%)
	2^nd	218 (22.5%)
	3^rd	150 (15.5%)
	4^th	218 (22.5%)
	5^th	120 (12.4%)
	6^th	108 (11.1%)
5	Medical problem
	Yes	109 (11.2%)
	No	868 (88.8%)
6	Sleeping hours at night
	<5	155 (15.9%)
	5–5.9	256 (26.3%)
	6–6.9	310 (31.8%)
	>7	254 (26.1%)
7	Frequency of using sleeping pills (prescribed or over the counter)
	Not during the past month	757 (77.6%)
	Less than once a week	103 (10.6%)
	Once or twice a week	73 (7.5%)
	Three or more times a week	43 (4.4%)
8	Sleep quality
	Good	570 (58.8%)
	Bad	399(41.2%)
9	Academic scores (CGPA)
	Below 2.5	45 (4.9%)
	2.5–2.99	202 (26.7%)
	3–3.49	321 (34.7%)
	3.5 and above	358 (38.7%)

Statistics are expressed as mean ± SD for continuous variables and as a frequency for categorical variables. Numbers (proportions) of participants endorsing each response (N = 977). Variables are gender, colleges, level, sleeping hours, frequency of using sleeping pills, sleep quality, and CGPA. Students from the 6^th academic year include only students from the Medicine and Pharm. D colleges.