Table 4:
Angiogenic factors and cytokine results before and after training in both training groups.
Variables
Pretraining
Posttraining
95% confidence interval for differences
Mean
SD
Mean
SD
Mean differences
Lower bound
Upper bound
Hypoxia group
HIF-1
α
rest
(ng/mL)
16.6
7.8
32.2
5.2
0.02
15.6
−20.2
−9.6
HIF-1
α
max
(ng/mL)
36.5
11.2
98.0
16.4
0.01
61.5
−74.7
−47.3
NO
rest
(
μ
moL/L)
11.5
3.8
13.1
3.8
0.01
1.6
−2.4
−0.4
NO
max
(
μ
moL/L)
12.8
6.1
15.9
6.0
0.05
3.1
−7.3
0.5
ADMA
rest
(
μ
moL/L)
0.4
0.2
0.6
0.1
0.06
0.2
−0.3
−0.02
ADMA
max
(
μ
moL/L)
0.7
0.3
0.6
0.3
0.07
−0.1
0
0.4
VEGF
rest
(pg/mL)
15.9
8.4
20.6
7.5
0.10
4.7
−9.9
1.0
VEGF
max
(pg/mL)
9.5
6.7
17.6
8.1
0.04
8.1
−16.1
−0.4
TGF-
β
rest
(pg/mL)
118.5
10.8
134.6
19.4
0.02
16.1
−23.0
−9.2
TGF-
β
max
(pg/mL)
129.4
22.6
158.0
34.8
0.01
28.6
−48.4
−8.6
TNF-
α
rest
(pg/mL)
24.2
9.8
35.7
14.2
0.07
11.5
−16.8
−5.3
TNF-
α
max
(pg/mL)
36.5
11.0
42.3
18.1
0.12
5.8
−13.8
1.8
IL-6
rest
(pg/mL)
1.3
0.6
1.9
1.5
0.06
0.6
−1.3
−0.2
IL-6
max
(pg/mL)
1.4
0.7
2.1
1.3
0.06
−0.1
−1.1
−0.1
IL-1
β
rest
(pg/mL)
3.1
1.9
5.9
3.6
0.06
2.8
−4.2
−2.0
IL-1
β
max
(pg/mL)
3.8
2.0
8.1
3.6
0.01
4.3
−0.3
0.2
Normoxia group
HIF-1
α
rest
(ng/mL)
18.6
8.1
20.1
10.7
0.61
1.5
−8.0
4.9
HIF-1
α
max
(ng/mL)
30.1
10.4
37.6
11.1
0.05
7.5
−10.8
−2.4
NO
rest
(
μ
moL/L)
12.7
4.2
10.7
3.8
0.06
−2.0
1.0
3.1
NO
max
(
μ
moL/L)
13.8
5.1
12.5
4.0
0.90
−1.3
−0.4
4.2
ADMA
rest
(
μ
moL/L)
0.5
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.34
0
−0.1
0.0
ADMA
max
(
μ
moL/L)
0.6
0.4
0.7
0.2
0.85
0.1
−0.2
0.2
VEGF
rest
(pg/mL)
17.2
14.1
22.6
15.8
0.27
5.4
−13.1
4.1
VEGF
max
(pg/mL)
8.4
7.3
17.4
11.3
0.03
9.0
−18.6
−0.9
TGF-
β
rest
(pg/mL)
121.5
18.8
131.0
18.8
0.18
9.5
−19.9
4.3
TGF-
β
max
(pg/mL)
127.8
27.0
143.0
42.0
0.04
15.2
−26.6
14.8
TNF-
α
rest
(pg/mL)
24.2
9.8
35.1
10.4
0.06
10.9
−16.1
−5.1
TNF-
α
max
(pg/mL)
34.8
10.3
34.3
7.7
0.91
−0.5
−6.8
7.6
IL-6
rest
(pg/mL)
1.2
0.8
0.9
0.6
0.22
−0.3
−0.2
0.8
IL-6
max
(pg/mL)
1.3
0.9
1.1
1.0
0.21
−0.2
−0.1
0.6
IL-1
β
rest
(pg/mL)
3.3
2.0
3.1
3.3
0.72
−0.2
−0.6
0.9
IL-1
β
max
(pg/mL)
3.5
2.6
3.3
1.7
0.03
−0.2
−0.5–2
0.4