The Effect of Stroke Subtypes on Baroreceptor Sensitivity, a Predict for Acute Stroke Outcome
Table 1
Baseline characteristics and autonomic function of the study participants.
Stroke patients (n=34)
Controls (n=18)
-value
Age (y) (mean ±SD)
63.2±8.7
59.6±7.8
0.14
Male/female
26/12
11/7
0.138
Mean systolic blood pressure
169.4±28.4
126.70±13.1
<0.0001
Mean diastolic blood pressure
92.5±15.5
68.15±6.1
<0.0001
Underlying diseases
Hypertension (n,%)
26 (76.5%)
---
Diabetes mellitus (n,%)
19 (55.9%)
---
Dyslipidemia (n,%)
23 (67.6%)
---
Coronary artery diseases (n, %)
2 (5.9%)
---
Smoking
6 (17.8%)
---
Laboratory data
White blood cells(×103/ml)
9.4±1.7
5.3±1.2
0.08
Red blood cells (×106/ml)
4.7±0.6
4.7±0.7
0.68
Platelet counts (×104/ml)
20.4±6.6
24.4±7.5
0.06
Hs-CRP (mg/L)
6.1±2.6
0.8±0.2
0.008
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
181.2±39.4
189.9±27.9
0.42
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)
106.9±31.9
111.9±25.8
0.58
Triglycerol (mg/dL)
165.2±128.9
92.8±48.4
0.03
HbA1c (%)
7.5±2.0
5.8±0.3
0.002
Autonomic function
Spectral analysis
LF (n.u.)
59.6±22.6
50.2±18.3
0.14
HF (n.u.)
40.2±22.4
49.7±18.3
0.13
LF/HF ratio
2.4±2.2
1.3±1.2
0.04
Cardio-vagal autonomic function
Valsalva ratio
1.1±0.3
1.7±0.4
0.004
HR_DB
6.4±3.5
13.5±8.4
0.006
Baroreflex function
BRS
4.2±1.4
9.6±2.3
<0.0001
All values are presented as mean ± SD; , compared to controls. Abbreviations. HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; Hs-CRP= high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL: low density lipoprotein; SD: standard deviation; LF: low frequency; HF, high frequency; HR_DB: heart rate response to deep breathing; BRS: baroreflex sensitivity; n.u.: normalized unit.
