One-Year Efficacy and Safety of Combined Photorefractive Keratectomy and Accelerated Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking after Intacs SK Intracorneal Ring Segment Implantation in Moderate Keratoconus

Figure 1

Visual outcomes of the two-staged multimodal surgery for keratoconus. The error bars (top left and right graphs) are the 95% confidence intervals of the median (UDVA) or the mean (CDVA). Cumulative distribution (bottom left graph) was significantly changed after surgery (P < 0.001, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test). Changes in lines of CDVA (bottom right graph) are compared between the report of Al-Tuwairqi et al. [9] and current study; CDVA changes were not reported by Lee et al. [10] and thus could not be shown. UDVA, uncorrected distant visual acuity; CDVA, corrected distant visual acuity; PreRing, before intracorneal ring segment implantation; PrePlus, before PRK-CXL (“Plus” surgery); Plus1m, 1 month after PRK-CXL; Plus3m, 3 months after PRK-CXL; Plus6m, 6 months after PRK-CXL; Plus12m, 12 months after PRK-CXL. , P < 0.001; , P < 0.01; , P < 0.05; change from the previous value; other pairs are indicated with lines (Friedman test and Dunn’s multiple comparisons test for UDVA; repeated ANOVA and Sidak’s multiple comparisons test for CDVA).