Establishment and Verification of Sex- and Age-Specific Serum Electrolyte Reference Intervals in Healthy Han Children in Changchun, Northeastern China

Table 2

Sex- and age-specific 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles for electrolyte levels in healthy children aged 2–14 years (n = 1391).

Age (year)	Sex	n	Potassium (mmol/L)					Sodium (mmol/L)					Chlorine (mmol/L)					Calcium (mmol/L)					Phosphorus (mmol/L)
			2.5	25	50	75	97.5	2.5	25	50	75	97.5	2.5	25	50	75	97.5	2.5	25	50	75	97.5	2.5	25	50	75	97.5
2-<3	M	109	4.11	4.40	4.60	4.85	5.42	138.4	141.0	142.5	143.8	146.6	99.0	101.4	102.7	104.3	106.3	2.08	2.33	2.39	2.47	2.64	1.37	1.59	1.68	1.76	1.93
	F	87	4.11	4.34	4.54	4.72	5.12	136.1	140.8	142.3	143.4	145.7	98.0	100.4	102.4	103.6	105.6	2.07	2.35	2.43	2.50	2.62	1.39	1.60	1.70	1.76	1.97
3-<4	M	135	3.90	4.37	4.53	4.74	5.41	138.6	140.9	142.3	143.8	147.2	97.9	101.1	102.4	103.6	106.7	1.90	2.20	2.35	2.44	2.56	1.32	1.56	1.67	1.78	2.00
	F	121	3.92	4.27	4.48	4.72	5.26	136.4	141.0	142.4	144.3	147.0	96.2	101.4	102.7	104.0	105.8	2.07	2.29	2.37	2.45	2.56	1.37	1.55	1.67	1.76	1.86
4-<5	M	79	3.79	4.09	4.33	4.64	5.40	136.7	140.3	141.5	143.3	146.4	96.3	100.2	101.4	103.2	105.1	2.04	2.30	2.36	2.45	2.53	1.32	1.51	1.62	1.74	1.94
	F	69	3.70	4.24	4.37	4.62	5.06	137.8	141.2	142.3	143.8	146.4	95.6	100.3	102.2	104.2	105.9	2.09	2.30	2.40	2.47	2.57	1.32	1.51	1.62	1.68	1.86
5-<6	M	78	3.75	4.14	4.38	4.64	5.14	137.7	141.0	142.7	144.3	147.8	98.1	101.1	102.4	103.9	107.0	1.95	2.27	2.35	2.42	2.59	1.36	1.54	1.64	1.75	1.99
	F	75	3.65	4.16	4.35	4.60	4.95	139.1	141.4	142.2	143.7	146.6	98.6	101.4	102.6	104.3	105.8	1.98	2.24	2.36	2.46	2.55	1.27	1.56	1.65	1.73	1.86
6-<7	M	57	3.80	4.27	4.47	4.70	5.17	139.2	141.1	142.2	143.5	145.8	98.2	100.7	102.5	103.4	104.7	1.99	2.21	2.32	2.41	2.61	1.42	1.56	1.65	1.73	2.01
	F	46	3.88	4.26	4.47	4.66	5.02	137.4	140.5	143.0	143.9	145.6	96.9	100.8	102.6	103.8	105.1	2.05	2.28	2.39	2.48	2.56	1.33	1.48	1.59	1.74	1.88
7-<8	M	43	3.70	4.34	4.52	4.67	5.05	138.0	140.6	142.2	144.4	146.8	96.2	99.9	102.1	104.2	106.8	2.11	2.27	2.35	2.40	2.51	1.30	1.50	1.58	1.67	1.98
	F	35	3.82	4.13	4.33	4.63	5.08	138.3	141.3	141.8	143.1	144.7	96.0	101.6	102.9	104.8	107.4	2.17	2.34	2.38	2.47	2.56	1.26	1.48	1.55	1.67	1.87
8-<9	M	32	3.62	4.09	4.42	4.76	5.18	137.8	141.0	142.2	143.7	146.1	97.0	102.0	102.9	104.3	106.2	1.98	2.21	2.28	2.36	2.56	1.26	1.41	1.52	1.62	1.81
	F	23	3.96	4.22	4.38	4.61	5.19	134.3	138.8	140.8	143.2	144.4	97.5	102.3	103.8	107.0	108.2	2.18	2.34	2.38	2.42	2.51	1.30	1.41	1.45	1.51	1.78
9-<10	M	24	3.68	4.18	4.32	4.66	5.06	137.2	140.0	141.6	142.2	144.8	98.5	100.3	101.4	103.2	104.3	2.11	2.26	2.28	2.34	2.42	1.32	1.43	1.50	1.60	1.70
	F	24	3.89	4.10	4.37	4.68	5.21	135.1	137.9	140.2	143.3	145.1	98.6	101.8	103.7	104.8	108.3	2.05	2.28	2.32	2.43	2.59	1.26	1.39	1.52	1.62	1.83
10-<11	M	41	3.78	4.15	4.37	4.59	5.14	137.7	139.7	141.5	143.3	146.4	97.9	100.8	102.6	104.8	108.1	1.98	2.19	2.28	2.37	2.47	1.23	1.38	1.45	1.51	1.69
	F	53	3.79	4.18	4.38	4.55	5.11	138.2	141.8	142.5	143.7	146.4	98.4	102.4	104.5	105.5	106.9	2.07	2.29	2.37	2.46	2.55	1.32	1.41	1.49	1.70	1.85
11-<12	M	29	3.97	4.26	4.51	4.78	5.07	139.6	141.8	143.4	145.1	147.4	102.0	103.9	104.9	105.6	107.7	2.24	2.29	2.33	2.40	2.51	1.38	1.55	1.60	1.66	1.78
	F	27	4.14	4.25	4.39	4.85	5.41	136.8	141.7	143.5	145.0	147.2	98.8	102.3	104.0	106.1	107.4	2.03	2.21	2.32	2.40	2.58	1.36	1.49	1.63	1.72	1.91
12-<13	M	33	4.08	4.35	4.60	4.70	5.19	137.5	140.5	144.8	145.4	149.3	100.5	102.1	103.8	105.4	107.5	2.08	2.26	2.32	2.40	2.50	1.24	1.50	1.60	1.75	2.01
	F	30	4.14	4.34	4.70	5.07	5.34	135.6	139.1	141.4	145.7	147.0	94.52	97.1	99.5	100.9	104.0	2.08	2.17	2.24	2.34	2.44	1.32	1.42	1.48	1.63	1.90
13-<14	M	31	4.15	4.40	4.65	4.92	5.27	138.4	139.8	141.3	142.7	147.2	97.10	99.1	100.6	102.7	105.6	1.96	2.09	2.16	2.24	2.36	1.11	1.36	1.42	1.59	2.03
	F	23	4.17	4.51	4.74	4.95	5.17	134.6	137.8	139.3	140.3	144.4	96.21	98.8	100.7	102.1	106.5	2.03	2.08	2.10	2.14	2.15	1.17	1.30	1.40	1.49	1.61
14-<15	M	54	4.27	4.57	4.82	5.02	5.40	140.2	142.4	144.5	146.0	148.8	98.90	100.9	102.8	104.6	107.1	2.05	2.14	2.20	2.27	2.37	1.09	1.26	1.46	1.59	1.77
	F	33	4.16	4.51	4.67	4.85	5.42	134.8	138.9	140.3	142.5	146.3	96.94	99.8	101.0	102.5	107.0	1.99	2.08	2.16	2.22	2.31	1.14	1.24	1.29	1.36	1.58

M, male; F, female.