Short-Term and Medium-Term Impact of Retirement on Sport Activity, Self-Reported Health, and Social Activity of Women and Men in Poland
Table 2
Middle-run effects of retiring (between April 2013 and April 2015) depending on gender – estimates of ATEs for women and men.
Variable
Men
Women
Total number of observations
Retired
Nonretired
P-value
Total number of observations
Retired
Nonretired
P-value
Sports
Sport activity 2015
924
.117
.237
.012
782
.236
.264
.494
Member of sports club 2015
929
<.001
.008
.008
798
<.001
<.001
.456
Social activeness
Friends met regularly 2015
927
5.200
4.567
.336
796
3.962
4.334
.255
Acquaint. met regularly 2015
924
4.14
5.84
.015
787
5.369
4.938
.361
Friends 2015
927
5.92
6.628
.455
796
5.452
6.043
.282
Work for local society 2013-2015
929
.095
.174
.093
798
.178
.143
.235
Member of organisations 2015
929
.073
.174
.125
798
.156
.158
.947
Took part in public meeting 2015
929
.129
.247
.012
798
.186
.189
.937
Voluntary activities 2015
929
.196
.295
.059
798
.238
.221
.628
Attitude
Too much alcohol in 2014
929
.042
.092
.076
798
<.001
.020
<.001
Lust for life 2015
928
8.144
8.453
.107
796
8.749
8.48
.100
Losing interest in sex 2015
929
.421
.696
<.001
798
.942
.871
.005
Dissatisfaction with sex life 2015
920
3.928
3.559
.070
781
4.517
4.397
.526
Family life
Married 2015
929
.838
.836
.972
798
.632
.686
.209
Health – general aspects
BMI 2015
926
25.52
28.027
<.001
796
28.573
27.734
.044
Dissatisfaction with health 2015
927
3.290
3.286
.979
795
3.213
3.456
.027
Significant health worries 2015
929
.390
.184
<.001
798
.151
.191
.257
Health problems often 2015
929
.088
.159
.073
798
.172
.186
.654
Health problems sometimes 2015
929
.722
.543
.002
798
.540
.542
.961
Physical problems 2015
929
.056
.202
.001
798
.183
.231
.190
Seriously ill 2014
929
.104
.171
.137
798
.231
.190
.241
Health – specific ailments
Problems with sleeping 2015
929
.220
.110
.006
798
.132
.111
.531
Digestion worries 2015
929
.236
.347
.044
798
.358
.381
.590
Headaches 2015
929
.465
.349
.032
798
.480
.511
.498
Stomach pains 2015
929
.215
.288
.184
798
.300
.405
.015
Pain in neck or arm muscles 2015
929
.424
.552
.027
798
.667
.590
.080
Chest or heart pains 2015
929
.242
.296
.283
798
.394
.286
.010
Dry mouth or throat 2015
929
.251
.239
.813
798
.410
.334
.074
Sweating 2015
929
.104
.189
.057
798
.374
.373
.976
Shortness of breath 2015
929
.118
.246
.006
798
.296
.284
.778
Body pains 2015
929
.578
.548
.586
798
.665
.552
.009
Palpitation 2015
929
.222
.217
.898
798
.368
.279
.029
Shivers or convulsions
929
.112
.069
.153
798
.048
.069
.305
Pressure on bladder 2015
929
.176
.236
.256
798
.263
.260
.938
Tiredness 2015
929
.268
.409
.013
798
.622
.500
.007
Constipation 2015
929
.107
.110
.925
798
.148
.206
.108
Nosebleeds 2015
929
.024
.042
.388
798
.050
.040
.571
Blood pressure 2015
929
.203
.310
.052
798
.462
.381
.068
Notes: bold rows indicate significant differences between the treatment group (i.e., people who were retired in 2013) and the comparison group (average values, constructed based on similar to treated ones, in terms of propensity score and balancing variables, people) at p<.05. The ATEs (effects of retiring) were estimated separately for women and men.
