Research Article
Epidemiology of Maxillofacial Fractures at a Teaching Hospital in Malaysia: A Retrospective Study
Table 3
Aetiology of MFF with reference to demographic characteristics of patients, number of MFF, and treatment modality (n=473).
| | Variable | Aetiology of MFF [Frequency(%)] | Total (%) | | MCA | MVA | Pedestrian | Assault | Fall | Work-related | Sport | Other | |
| | Sex | | | | | | | | | | | Male | 289 (74.0) | 32 (8.2) | 10 (3.0) | 15 (4.0) | 24 (6.0) | 7 (1.8) | 6 (1.5) | 6 (1.5) | 389 (82.2) | | Female | 59 (70.2) | 13 (15.5) | 7 (8.3) | 2 (2.4) | 3 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 84 (17.3) | | Age group (year) | | | | | | | | | | | ≤20 | 160 (85.1) | 10 (5.3) | 2 (1.1) | 5 (2.7) | 6 (3.2) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (2.1) | 1 (0.5) | 188 (39.7) | | >20 | 188 (66.0) | 35 (12.3) | 15 (5.3) | 12 (4.0) | 21 (7.4) | 7 (2.5) | 2 (0.7) | 5 (1.8) | 285 (60.3) | | Ethnic group | | | | | | | | | | | Malay | 344 (74.6) | 39 (8.5) | 17 (3.7) | 17 (3.7) | 26 (5.6) | 7 (1.5) | 5 (1.1) | 6 (1.3) | 461 (97.5) | | Others | 4 (33.4) | 6 (50.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (8.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (8.3) | 0 (0.0) | 12 (2.5) | | Number of MFF per patient | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | 146 (73.4) | 11 (5.5) | 7 (3.5) | 11 (5.5) | 14 (7.1) | 2 (1.0) | 6 (3.0) | 2 (1.0) | 199 (42.0) | | 2 | 66 (69.5) | 11 (11.6) | 5 (5.3) | 3 (3.0) | 6 (6.3) | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (3.2) | 95 (20.1) | | 3 | 49 (71.0) | 9 (13.0) | 2 (3.0) | 2 (2.9) | 5 (7.2) | 2 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 69 (14.6) | | ≥ 4 | 87 (79.2) | 14 (12.7) | 3 (2.7) | 1 (0.9) | 2 (1.8) | 2 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 110 (23.3) | | Treatment modality | | | | | | | | | | | Conservative treatment | 176 (72.0) | 15 (6.2) | 11 (5.0) | 14 (5.8) | 16 (7.0) | 3 (1.0) | 3 (1.0) | 5 (2.0) | 243 (51.4) | | Surgical treatment | 127 (75.0) | 21 (12.4) | 4 (2.4) | 3 (1.8) | 6 (3.6) | 4 (2.4) | 3 (1.8) | 1 (0.6) | 169 (35.7) | | No treatment | 45 (73.8) | 9 (14.8) | 2 (3.3) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (8.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 61 (12.9) |
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