Patients Selection for Immunotherapy in Solid Tumors: Overcome the Naïve Vision of a Single Biomarker

Table 1

Biomarkers evaluated in relation to immunotherapy regimen in different solid tumors.

Primary Tumor	Immune-checkpoint inhibitor/s	Biomarker	References
Melanoma	Pembrolizumab	PD-L1	[16]
	Pembrolizumab	TILs	[21, 22]
	Nivolumab	TILs	[22]
	Nivolumab+Ipilimumab	PD-L1	[17, 18]
	Ipilimumab	TILs	[20]
	Ipilimumab	TMB	[26, 27]
	Tremelimumab	TMB	[27]
NSCLC	Pembrolizumab	PD-L1	[6, 34–36]
	Pembrolizumab	TMB	[24]
	Pembrolizumab+CT	PD-L1	[37, 38]
	Nivolumab	PD-L1	[39–42]
	Nivolumab	TMB	[14, 39]
	Nivolumab+Ipilimumab	TMB	[14]
	Atezolizumab	PD-L1	[43–45]
	Atezolizumab	T-effector/ IFN-γ gene signature	[43]
	Atezolizumab	bTMB	[46]
	Atezolizumab+CT	PD-L1	[47–49]
	Durvalumab	PD-L1	[50, 51]
	Durvalumab+Tremelimumab	PD-L1	[52]
	Avelumab	PD-L1	[53, 54]
CRC	Pembrolizumab	dMMR	[25]
	Nivolumab	dMMR	[55]
	Nivolumab+Ipilimumab	dMMR	[56]
HNSCC	Nivolumab	PD-L1	[57]
	Pembrolizumab	PD-L1	[58–60]
	Pembrolizumab	PD-L2	[60]
RCC	Nivolumab	PD-L1	[61]
	Nivolumab+Ipilimumab	PD-L1	[62]
GGC	Pembrolizumab	PD-L1	[63]
	Nivolumab	PD-L1	[64]
HCC	Nivolumab	PD-L1	[65]
UGC	Pembrolizumab	dMMR	[66]
BC	Pembrolizumab	PD-L1	[67–73]
	Pembrolizumab	TILs	[69, 70, 73]
	Pembrolizumab	TMB	[72]
	Avelumab	PD-L1	[74]
	Atezolizumab	PD-L1	[75, 76]
	Atezolizumab	TILs	[76]
	Durvalumab	TILs	[77]

Abbreviations. NSCLC: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer; CRC: Colorectal Cancer; HNSCC: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma; RCC: Renal Cell Carcinoma; GGC: Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer; HCC: Hepatocellular Carcinoma; UGC: Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers; BC: Breast Cancer; CT: chemotherapy; PD-L1: Programmed Death Ligand-1, TILs: Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells; TMB: Tumor Mutational Burden; bTMB: Blood Tumor Mutational Burden; dMMR: Deficient Mismatch Repair.