DNA Methyltransferases in Malar Melasma and Their Modification by Sunscreen in Combination with 4% Niacinamide, 0.05% Retinoic Acid, or Placebo

Figure 4

Expression of DNA methyltransferases after interventions. Relative expression of (a) DNMT1 and (b) DNMT3b mRNAs in skin biopsies from patients at basal and after 8 weeks of treatment with sunscreen, 4% niacinamide, and 0.05% retinoic acid quantified by RT-qPCR. The results were normalized with respect to 18s gen. The results correspond to the mean ± SD of each group (n=10). Significant differences before treatment, # significant differences with respect to unaffected skin, with p<0.05 (P values for ANOVA with post hoc Tukey test).

(a)

(b)