Clinical Study
DNA Methyltransferases in Malar Melasma and Their Modification by Sunscreen in Combination with 4% Niacinamide, 0.05% Retinoic Acid, or Placebo
Table 1
Main demographic and clinical features of the 30 studied subjects treated with 4% niacinamide, 0.05% retinoic acid, or placebo over 8 weeks.
| | 4% Niacinamide group (n=10) | 0.05% Retinoic acid group (n=10) | Placebo group (n=10) |
| Age (year; mean ± SD) | 25 ± 3.3 | 28 ± 3.2 | 26 ± 1.5 |
| Skin phototype n (%) | | | | IV | 1 (10) | 1 (10) | 2 (20) | V | 9 (90) | 9 (90) | 8 (80) |
| Duration of melasma (yr), mean ± SD | 5.3 ± 3.3 | 3.8 ± 4.2 | 4.2 ± 4.3 |
| Family history, n (%) | 4 (40) | 4 (40) | 6 (60) |
| Occupation n (%) | | | | Housewife | 10 (100) | 10 (100) | 7 (70) | Indoor worker | - | - | 3 (30) |
| Predisposing factors, n (%) | | | | Sun exposure | 10 (100) | 10 (100) | 10 (100) | Pregnancy | - | - | - | Oral intake of hormones | - | - | - | Artificial sources of radiation | 2 (20) | - | 3 (30) |
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There were no significant differences in age, skin phototypes, melasma duration, and other clinical features among groups.
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