Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase Domain Protein 3-Inhibited Smooth-Muscle-Cell Dedifferentiation Improves Cardiac Perivascular Fibrosis Induced by Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Figure 2

IH induces VSMC phenotypic switching in vivo and vitro. (a) Representative images of immunohistochemical staining of OPN and α-SMA (yellow staining) in the perivascular and vascular region (original magnification ×400 bars=20 μm). (b) Quantification of immunohistochemical staining of OPN in vivo. (c) Representative images of double immunofluorescence staining with antibodies to α-SMA (green) and OPN (Red). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue) (original magnification ×400 bars=20 μm). Data are mean ± SD; n=10 per group. p<0.01 versus control.

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