Research Article
Prognostic Nomograms for Primary High-Grade Glioma Patients in Adult: A Retrospective Study Based on the SEER Database
Table 3
Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis of factors associated with CSS in the training set (n =3166).
| Variable | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI |
| Age(years) | <0.001 | 1.968 | 1.856-2.087 | <0.001 | | | <56 | | | | Reference | | | 56-75 | | | | <0.001 | 1.696 | 1.551-1.856 | >75 | | | | <0.001 | 2.509 | 2.195-2.869 | Gender | 0.370 | 1.036 | 0.959-1.119 | | | | Male | | | | | | | Female | | | | | | | Race | 0.176 | 0.942 | 0.863-1.027 | | | | White | | | | | | | Black | | | | | | | Other | | | | | | | Marital status | <0.001 | 1.132 | 1.089-1.178 | 0.140 | | | Married | | | | Reference | | | Single | | | | 0.431 | 1.048 | 0.933-1.177 | Separated/divorced | | | | 0.845 | 1.014 | 0.885-1.162 | Widowed | | | | 0.023 | 1.169 | 1.022-1.337 | Grade | <0.001 | 1.604 | 1.393-1.847 | | | | GradeIII | | | | Reference | | | GradeIV | | | | 0.001 | 1.301 | 1.121-1.509 | Laterality | 0.013 | 1.078 | 1.016-1.143 | 0.371 | | | Left | | | | Reference | | | Right | | | | 0.388 | 0.964 | 0.888-1.047 | Not a paired site | | | | 0.357 | 1.097 | 0.901-1.335 | Site | <0.001 | 1.085 | 1.057-1.114 | 0.108 | | | C71.1Frontal lobe | | | | Reference | | | C71.2Temporal lobe | | | | 0.078 | 0.913 | 0.825-1.010 | C71.3Parietal lobe | | | | 0.099 | 0.911 | 0.815-1.018 | C71.4Occipital lobe | | | | 0.309 | 1.105 | 0.911-1.340 | C71.8Overlapping lesion | | | | 0.752 | 1.028 | 0.867-1.219 | Histological | <0.001 | 1.553 | 1.444-1.671 | <0.001 | | | Mixed glioma | | | | Reference | | | Astrocytoma | | | | <0.001 | 3.198 | 2.399-4.262 | Glioblastoma | | | | <0.001 | 5.018 | 3.951-6.374 | Oligodendroglioma | | | | 0.100 | 0.599 | 0.325-1.104 | Size(mm) | 0.003 | 1.085 | 1.029-1.143 | <0.001 | | | <26 | | | | Reference | | | 27-44 | | | | 0.047 | 1.134 | 1.002-1.283 | >44 | | | | <0.001 | 1.339 | 1.190-1.507 | Surgery | <0.001 | 0.817 | 0.789-0.847 | <0.001 | | | No surgery | | | | Reference | | | Subtotal resection | | | | <0.001 | 0.576 | 0.481-0.690 | Gross resection | | | | <0.001 | 0.439 | 0.360-0.534 | Resection of lobe of brain | | | | <0.001 | 0.556 | 0.466-0.665 | Radiotherapy | <0.001 | 2.126 | 1.943-2.326 | | | | Yes | | | | Reference | | | No/unknown | | | | <0.001 | 1.571 | 1.290-1.913 | Chemotherapy | <0.001 | 2.141 | 1.972-2.325 | | | | Yes | | | | Reference | | | No/unknown | | | | <0.001 | 1.704 | 1.524-1.906 | Radiation sequence with surgery | <0.001 | 1.487 | 1.428-1.547 | 0.727 | | | Prior to surgery | | | | Reference | | | After surgery | | | | 0.376 | 0.781 | 0.451-1.351 | Before and after | | | | 0.508 | 0.755 | 0.330-1.732 | Unknown | | | | 0.566 | 0.843 | 0.471-1.509 |
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Abbreviations: OS: overall survival; CSS: cancer-specific survival; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval.
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