Fabrication and Application of a 3D-Printed Poly-ε-Caprolactone Cage Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

Figure 3

Scaffolds treated with NaOH promoted osteogenic differentiation of hBMMSCs in vitro. (a) Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining of hBMMSCs cultured on treated and untreated PCL sheets. (b) Quantification of ALP activity of hBMMSCs cultured on treated and untreated PCL sheets 7 days after osteoinduction. Mean ± SD; n = 3; . (c) Alizarin red staining of hBMMSCs cultured on treated and untreated PCL sheets. (d) Mineralization assays of hBMMSCs cultured on treated and untreated PCL sheets 14 days after osteoinduction. Mean ± SD; n = 3; . (e) Expression of osteogenic genes ALP, RUNX2, and OCN in hBMMSCs cultured for 7 and 14 days after osteoinduction. Mean ± SD; n = 3; . (f) Immunofluorescence staining for OCN in hBMMSCs cultured for 14 days after osteoinduction. Bar represents 200 μm.

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