Examining Individual- and Community-Level Factors Affecting Skilled Delivery Care among Women Who Received Adequate Antenatal Care in Ethiopia: Using Multilevel Analysis
Table 1
Distribution of skilled delivery care in a health facility by background characteristics.
Background characteristics
Yes (%)
No (%)
value
Maternal age at last birth
957
0.2062
15-24
65.7
34.3
25-34
66.8
33.2
35-49
56.7
43.3
Current marital status
0.6386
Never/widowed/divorced/separated
67.7
33.3
Currently married or living together
64.2
35.8
Mother’s employment
0.0001
Unemployed
60.1
39.9
Formal employment
88.3
11.7
Agricultural employment
59.2
40.8
Unskilled manual workers
69.1
30.9
Type of place of residence
0.0001
Urban
91.8
8.2
Rural
48.6
51.4
Mother’s educational attainment
0.0001
No education
44.2
55.8
Primary
67.3
32.7
Secondary or higher
92.4
7.6
Household wealth index
0.0001
Poorest
41.2
58.8
Poor
43.7
56.3
Middle
47.8
52.2
Rich
50.7
49.3
Richest
91.8
8.2
Region
0.0001
Oromia
58.6
41.4
SNNP
54.7
45.3
Amhara
53.1
46.9
Addis Ababa & Dire Dawa
94.5
5.5
Tigray
79.2
20.8
Others
63.5
36.5
Religion
0.009
Orthodox
70.3
29.7
Protestant & others
52.2
47.8
Muslim
57.2
42.8
Parity (number of children)
0.0001
1 = at most one
75.2
24.8
2
74.9
25.1
3-4
55.1
44.9
5 or more
44.2
55.8
Birth order
0.0001
First
77.4
22.6
2-3
68.67
31.3
4-5
54.4
45.6
6+
36.7
63.3
Wanted pregnancy when became pregnant
0.9213
Yes, then
65.0
35.0
Yes, later
62.8
37.2
No more
62.3
37.5
Told about pregnancy complications
0.0013
No
56.2
43.8
Yes
70.6
29.4
Exposed to media
0.0001
No
43.4
56.6
Yes
80.7
19.3
Sex of household head
0.0006
Male
60.8
39.2
Female
80.0
20.0
Getting money needed for self-treatment
0.0001
A big problem
52.6
47.4
Not a big problem
73.6
26.4
Distance to a health facility to get medical help
0.0001
A big problem
50.3
49.7
Not a big problem
73.7
26.3
Getting permission to go to a health facility
0.0011
A big problem
50.4
49.6
Not a big problem
69.0
31.0
Blood pressure checked at least once during ANC
0.0003
No
41.0
59.0
Yes
67.5
32.5
A urine test conducted during ANC
0.0001
No
34.0
66.0
Yes
68.0
32.0
A blood test conducted during ANC
0.0001
No
33.4
66.6
Yes
68.2
31.8
Received at least one tetanus injection during ANC
