Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Clustering Pattern Exploration of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) Accessions for the Perfection of Yield and Yield-Related Traits

Table 4

List of fourteen qualitative traits considered according to IPGRI, IITA, and BAMNET [45].

Sl. no.	Qualitative traits	Code	Description	Scale
1	Growth habit	(GrH)	Data were taken after 10 weeks of sowing based on the ratio () between fourth petiole () and fourth internode () length	(1) Accession of bunch type (); (2) Accession of semi-bunch type (-9); (3) Accession of Spreading type ()
2	Stem hairiness	(StH)	Data recorded after harvest	(1) Absent, (2) sparse, (3) dense
3	First stem color	(FSC)	Data recorded after 2 weeks of planting	(1) Green, (2) reddish, (3) striped
4	Terminal leaflet shape	(TLS)	Data were taken after ten weeks of sowing	(1) Oval, (2) round, (3) elliptic, (4) lanceolate
5	Terminal leaflet color	(TLC)	Data were taken after ten weeks of sowing	(1) Green, (2) red, (3) purple
6	Petiole pigmentation	(PetP)	Data were taken after two weeks of sowing	(1) Green, (2) reddish green, (3) without point
7	Shape of pods	(PoS)	Data measured based on the one-seeded pod, in 2 months of harvest	(1) Hook with ending point on the opposite side; (2) Round with ending point on the opposite side; (3) Hook with ending point on both sides
8	Color of pods	(PoC)	Data were taken in two months of harvest	(1) Brown-yellowish, (2) reddish-brown, (3) brown, (4) black, (5) purple
9	Pods texture	(PoT)	Data were taken in two months of harvest	(1) Smooth with a little groove, (2) much grooved, (3) much folded
10	Seeds shape	(SeS)	Data were taken from seeds of a one-seeded pod in two months of harvest	(1) Round, (2) oval
11	Seeds color	(SeC)	Recorded in two months after harvest	(1) Cream, (2) red, (3) purple cream, (4) black, (5) black cream
12	Eye color	(EyC)	Recorded in two months after harvest	(1) Absent, (2) black
13	Testa pattern	(TeP)	Recorded in two months after harvest	1. Absent of pattern, (2) full line with marbled striped, (3) entirely dotted spot, (4) few rhomboid spots on one side of the hilum, (5) few rhomboid spots on both sides of the hilum, (6) much rhomboid spot on both sides of the hilum
14	Testa color with eye pattern around the hilum.	(Tc+EyP)	Described in a combination of the testa background with eye patterns	(1) Black butterfly-like an eye with cream testa, (2) without eye with black testa, (3) black like butterfly eye with a black strip on creamy background, (4) without eye with black little dots on creamy background, (5) without eye with light brown testa, (6) without eye with dark brown marbled spots, (7) no eye with light brownish-red testa, (8) no eye with brown stripes on a cream background, (9) cream testa without eye