Quantitative Assessment of Blood Lactate in Shock: Measure of Hypoxia or Beneficial Energy Source

Table 4

Blood lactate, cardiac index (CI), splanchnic and muscle blood flow, and splanchnic and muscle lactate net flux in human and animal shock models. The CI is expressed as the fraction of the normal resting CI (assumed equal to 3.3 L/min for humans). The organ flow is expressed as the fraction of the cardiac output. The fluxes are in units of μmol/min/kg body wt. A positive flux corresponds to net uptake and negative to net release.

Reference	Species	Type	Lactate	CI	Splanchnic		Muscle
			mM		Flow	Lactate flux	Flow	Lactate flux
[174]	Human	Septic	1.6	1.7	0.47	20
[113]	Human	Septic	1.3	1.7	0.35		0.2
[175]	Human	Septic	1.5	1.7	0.39
[176]	Human	Septic	3.2	1.4	0.29
[177]	Human	Septic	1.4	1.6	0.31	8.5
[112]	Human	Septic	NA	1.37	0.24
[118]	Human	Septic	3.8	1.21	0.3	13
[178]	Dog	Endotoxin	4.2	0.78	0.21	-16	0.02	≈0
[179]	Dog	Endotoxin	NA	1.14			0.06
[128]	Dog	Endotoxin	0.75
[129]	Sheep	Septic	2.0	1.75	0.11 (1)
[130]	Sheep	Endotoxin	10.2	1.4	0.32
[132]	Pig	Septic	NA	0.85	0.4	80	0.09	≈0
[131]	Pig	Septic	1.25	1.0	0.24	12
[131]	Pig	Tamponade	3.5	0.4	0.28	-5.1
[180]	Pig	Endotoxin	NA	1.0	0.24		0.1