Beta-Thalassemia Intermedia: A Single Thalassemia Center Experience from Northeastern Iraq

Table 6

Relations of different parameters in all genotype groups.

Parameters	β^0/β^0; (%)	β^0/β^+; (%)	β^+/β^+; (%)	Dominant Hb Houston/wt	β^+/wt; (%)	β^0/wt; (%)	value
Age at diagnosis
				10			0.019
Age at first transfusion
				8			0.020
Transfusion
No	19 (21.3)	5 (18.5)	9 (23.7)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0.900
Yes	70 (78.7)	22 (81.5)	29 (76.3)	1 (100.0)	2 (100.0)	2 (100.0)
Iron chelation
No	48 (53.9)	19 (70.4)	28 (73.7)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (50.0)	0.071
Yes	41 (46.1)	8 (29.6)	10 (26.3)	1 (100.0)	2 (100.0)	1 (50.0)
Hb A2 %
<3.5	52 (92.9)	14 (73.7)	3 (10.3)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	<0.0001
≥3.5	4 (7.1)	5 (26.3)	26 (89.7)	1 (100.0)	1 (100.0)	2 (100.0)
Hb F %
<50	4 (6.9)	3 (15.8)	26 (89.7)	1 (100.0)	1 (100.0)	2 (100.0)	<0.0001
≥50	54 (93.1)	16 (84.2)	3 (10.3)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Splenectomy
No	55 (62.5)	21 (77.8)	27 (73.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	2 (100.0)	0.079
Yes	33 (37.5)	6 (22.2)	10 (27.0)	1 (100.0)	2 (100.0)	0 (0.0)
PHT
No	77 (86.5)	23 (85.2)	37 (97.4)	0 (0.00	2 (100.0)	2 (100.0)	0.036
Yes	12 (13.5)	4 (14.8)	1 (2.6)	1 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Hepatomegaly
No	51 (57.3)	18 (66.7)	27 (71.1)	1 (100.0)	1 (50.0)	1 (50.0)	0.659
Yes	38 (42.7)	9 (33.3)	11 (28.9)	0 (0.0)	1 (50.0)	1 (50.0)
Hepatitis C
No	77 (86.5)	25 (92.1)	35 (92.1)	0 (0.0)	2 (100.0)	2 (100.0)	0.087
Yes	12 (13.5)	2 (7.4)	3 (7.9)	1 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Osteoporosis
No	21 (61.8)	10 (90.9)	10(83.3)	1 (100.0)	1 (50.0)	—	0.257
Yes	13 (38.2)	1 (9.1)	2 (16.7)	0 (0.0)	1 (50.0)	—
Cholelithiasis
No	78 (87.6)	25 (92.6)	32 (84.2)	1 (100.0)	2 (100.0)	2 (100.0)	0.882
Yes	11 (12.4)	2 (7.4)	6 (15.8)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Hypothyroidism
No	67 (87.0)	18 (72.0)	31 (86.1)	1 (100.0)	2 (100.0)	2 (100.0)	0.349
Yes	10 (13.0)	7 (28.0)	5 (13.9)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Growth retardation
No	31 (60.8)	17 (89.5)	16 (84.2)	—	—	1 (100.0)	0.323
Yes	20 (39.2)	2 (10.5)	3 (15.8)	—	—	0 (0.0)
ALT
≤50	81 (91.0)	24 (88.9)	37 (97.4)	1 (100.0)	2 (100.0)	2 (100.0)	0.779
>50	8 (9.0)	3 (11.1)	1 (2.6)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
S. ferritin
<1000	65 (74.7)	22 (81.5)	31 (83.)	1 (100.0)	1 (50.0)	2 (100.0)	0.663
≥1000	22 (25.3)	5 (18.5)	6 (16.2)	0 (0.0)	1 (50.0)	0 (0.0)
Facial deformity
No	22 (24.7)	13 (48.1)	22 (57.9)	1 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	2 (100.0)	0.001
Yes	67 (75.3)	14 (51.9)	16 (42.1)	0 (0.0)	2 (100.0)	0 (0.0)