The Impact of Bioactive Surfaces in the Early Stages of Osseointegration: An In Vitro Comparative Study Evaluating the HAnano® and SLActive® Super Hydrophilic Surfaces

Figure 4

Immunological-related members indicate a stimulus of bone remodeling in response to HAnano® surfaces. Transcriptional profile determination of (a) Il1β, (b) Rankl, (c) Opg, and (d) Rankl/Opg ratio in osteoblasts subjected to implants up to 72 h was evaluated by qPCR technology. The relative gene expression levels were determined using the cycle threshold (Ct) method and showed in a graphical format with normalized values as a function of the control assigned value 1. The results represented as of three independent experiments. , , , and when compared to Ctrl and and when compared to SLActive®.

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