Astragalus membranaceus–Derived Anti-Programmed Death-1 Monoclonal Antibodies with Immunomodulatory Therapeutic Effects against Tumors

Figure 6

Changes in the intrinsic molecules of the mouse tumor after treatment were observed through immunohistochemical staining. (a) The anti-CD68/CD163 antibody was used to double-stain tumor tissue to observe the distribution and infiltration of M1 and M2 phase macrophages in tissues, and the expression of the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 was observed through the anti-Ki-67 antibody. (b) The CD68/CD163 ratio presented in the scFv S12 treatment group and the untreated control group in 10 random fields was calculated and quantified. (c) The staining results for Ki-67 presented in the scFv S12 treatment group and the untreated control group in 10 random fields were calculated and quantified. (d) The staining results for T cell activating marker CD25 presented in the scFv S12 treatment group and the untreated control group in 10 random fields were calculated and quantified.

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