Smoking Intensity and Associated Factors among Male Smokers in Ethiopia: Further Analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

Table 3

Truncated negative binomial Poisson regression model for the number of cigarettes smoked daily among male adult smokers in Ethiopia, 2016.

Variables (references)		IRR	Standard error	value	95% CI
Residence (urban)	Rural	0.430	0.124	0.003	(0.244, 0.756)
Age category (15-29)	30-44	1.083	0.145	0.551	(0.834, 1.407)
	45-59	1.774	0.273	0.000	(1.313, 2.399)
Marital status (never married)	Currently married	0.644	0.113	0.012	(0.456, 0.909)
	Formerly married	0.538	0.160	0.037	(0.30, 0.964)
Religion (Muslim)	Orthodox	1.137	0.194	0.450	(0.814, 1.588)
	Protestant	1.808	0.442	0.015	(1.120, 2.918)
	Other	1.120	0.509	0.803	(0.460, 2.730)
Educational status (illiterate)	Primary	1.393	0.167	0.006	(1.101, 1.762)
	Secondary	1.438	0.270	0.053	(0.995, 2.076)
	Higher	2.959	0.689	0.000	(1.875, 4.669)
Occupation (not working)	Professional	1.246	0.310	0.376	(0.766, 2.029)
	Agricultural	1.494	0.357	0.093	(0.935, 2.386)
	Unskilled	1.080	0.332	0.803	(0.591, 1.971)
	Other	1.103	0.288	0.708	(0.661, 1.840)
Wealth index (poorest)	Poorer	1.644	0.271	0.003	(1.190, 2.272)
	Middle	0.841	0.134	0.277	(0.615, 1.149)
	Richer	0.626	0.117	0.012	(0.434, 0.904)
	Richest	0.491	0.142	0.014	(0.279, 0.866)
Administrative region	Afar	3.317	1.927	0.039	(1.062, 10.358)
	Amhara	1.179	0.526	0.712	(0.492, 2.826)
	Oromia	1.493	0.554	0.280	(0.722, 3.088)
	Somali	2.802	1.114	0.010	(1.286, 6.107)
	Benishangul	1.384	0.647	0.487	(0.553, 3.462)
	SNNPR	0.773	0.311	0.523	(0.351, 1.702)
	Gambela	0.851	0.513	0.789	(0.261, 2.772)
	Harari	3.464	1.962	0.028	(1.141, 10.514)
	Addis Ababa	0.653	0.262	0.289	(0.297, 1.435)
	Dire Dawa	3.094	1.460	0.017	(1.227, 7.804)
Hear radio (no)	Yes	1.242	0.141	0.056	(0.994, 1.551)
Watch television (no)	Yes	1.557	0.204	0.001	(1.205, 2.012)
Read newspapers (no)	Yes	0.822	0.112	0.149	(0.629, 1.073)
Alcohol use (no)	Yes	1.367	0.200	0.034	(1.025, 1.820)
Chewed khat	Yes	1.192	0.201	0.298	(0.856, 1.659)
Constant		4.313	2.244	0.005	(1.556, 11.957)
Alpha		0.5348	0.062		(0.424, 0.671)
Ln (alpha)		-0.628	0.117		(-0.857, -0.398)

Statistically significant at value of <0.05.