The CC Genotype of Insulin-Induced Gene 2 rs7566605 Is a Protective Factor of Hypercholesteremia Susceptible to Mild Cognitive Impairment, Especially to the Executive Function of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Table 1

Demographic, clinical, and cognitive characteristics of T2DM patients with or without MCI.

	MCI (87)	Non-MCI (146)
Age (year)	60 (55-68)	59 (53-65)	0.046^‡
Female (%)	44 (50.6)	47 (32.2)	0.005^§
Education (year)	9 (9-12)	11 (9-12)	0.004^‡
BMI (kg/m^2)	24.486 (22.758-27.041)	24.671 (22.740-26.298)	0.730^‡
DM duration (year)	12 (8-16)	10 (6-15)	0.025^‡
HBP duration (year)	8 (0-17)	1 (0-10)	0.005^‡
Smoking (%)	26 (29.9)	56 (38.4)	0.211^§
Insulin usage (%)	50 (57.5)	86 (58.9)	0.783^§
Metformin usage (%)	51 (58.6)	100 (68.5)	0.127^§
HbA1c (%)	9.2 (8.0-10.8)	8.4 (7.4-10.0)	0.011^‡
FPG (mmol/l)	7.80 (6.41-10.20)	7.60 (6.59-9.72)	0.382
TG (mmol/l)	1.85 (0.94-2.59)	1.45 (1.00-2.14)	0.100^‡
TC (mmol/l)			0.149^†
HDL (mmol/l)	1.09 (0.95-1.27)	1.10 (0.93-1.30)	0.686^‡
LDL (mmol/l)	2.82 (2.34-3.68)	2.71 (2.15-3.40)	0.163^‡
ApoA1			0.480^†
ApoB	0.80 (0.66-0.90)	0.80 (0.64-0.96)	0.518^‡
LPa	156 (83-315)	126 (70-270)	0.246^‡
MoCA	23 (20-24)	27 (26-28)	<0.001^‡
DST	11 (9-12)	12 (11-14)	<0.001^‡
VFT	14 (13-17)	17 (14-21)	<0.001^‡
CDT	3 (2-4)	4 (3-4)	<0.001^‡
TMTA	70 (55-89)	55 (46-70)	<0.001^‡
TMTB	187 (142-255)	131 (100-173)	<0.001^‡
AVLT-IR	16 (13-18)	19 (16-23)	<0.001^‡
AVLT-DR	5 (3-6)	6 (5-8)	<0.001^‡
LMT	8 (4-10)	11 (8-14)	<0.001^‡

BMI: body mass index; DM: diabetes mellitus; HBP: high blood pressure; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; TG: triglycerides; TC: total cholesterol; LDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ApoA1: apolipoprotein A1; ApoB: apolipoprotein B; LPa: lipoprotein A; MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment; DST: Digit Span Test; VFT: Verbal Fluency Test; CDT: Clock Drawing Test; TMTA: Trail Making Test-A; TMTB: Trail Making Test-B; AVLT-IR: Auditory Verbal Learning test-immediate recall; AVLT-DR: Auditory Verbal Learning test-delayed recall; LMT: logical memory test; MCI: individuals with mild cognitive impairment; Non-MCI: individuals without mild cognitive impairment. The data are presented as (%), the , or the median (inter-quartile range) unless otherwise specified. ^†Student’s test was employed for normally distributed variables. ^‡The Mann–Whitney test was employed for asymmetrically distributed variables. ^§The chi-squared test was employed for categorical variables. .