Research Article

Pathology-Related Influences on the VEM: Three Years’ Experience since Implementation of a New Parameter in Phoniatric Voice Diagnostics

Table 3

Effects of VEM levels on the investigated parameters ().

VEM levelParticipants (%)Age (years)F0high (Hz)SPLmin (dB)MPT (s)Jitter (%)DSIVEMVHI

0243 (24.4%)
1241 (24.2%)
2252 (25.4%)
3258 (26.0%)

The grading of VEM levels was based on the percentiles of the total study cohort (). Level 0: normal vocal capacity () ≙ 100th percentile (Q4). Level 1: mildly reduced vocal capacity ( to ≥93) ≙ 75th percentile (Q3). Level 2: moderately reduced vocal capacity ( to ≥69) ≙ 50th percentile (Q2). Level 3: severely reduced vocal capacity () ≙ 25th percentile (Q1).