Effects of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction on Cell Migration and Ocular Tumor Invasion in Drosophila

Figure 5

XFZYD performs a suppressive effect on eyeful ocular tumor invasion. Light micrographs of Drosophila adult eye (a–i) and body (j–r) are shown. (a) and (j) are the wild-type controls, and (b–d) and (k–m) are the representative images of the eyeful model. When the red compound eye cells are observed outside the eye tissue, the ocular tumor is considered to have migrated. According to the number of folds within Drosophila eye, eyeful files without migrated tumors are divided into three degrees: I (no obvious fold, mild), II (1-2 folds, moderate), and III (≥3 folds, severe) (b–d). According to the invasion location of the ocular tumor, eyeful flies with tumor metastasis are divided into the head (proximal), thorax (middle), and abdomen (distal) subgroups (k–m, the red eye tissue cells are indicated by black arrow). (e–i) and (n–r) are the representative images of the eyeful model when treated with XFZYD at a concentration of 0.0100, 0.0125, 0.0200, 0.0500, or 0.100 g/ml, respectively. (s) A quantification of eyeful tumor invasion percentage. The number of flies in each group with or without migrated tumors was recorded; then the invasion ratio was calculated. The columns from left to right are (1) wild type (Oregon^RC, 0.00%, , 2), eyeful (19.57%, , 3), eyeful+XFZYD 0.0100 g/ml (18.06%, , 4), eyeful+XFZYD 0.0125 g/ml (18.75%, , 5), eyeful+XFZYD 0.0200 g/ml (12.07%, , 6), eyeful+XFZYD 0.0500 g/ml (9.52%, , 7), and eyeful+XFZYD 0.1000 g/ml (21.88%, ). A chi-squared test was applied. Stacked bar graphs of primary growth (t) and invasion location (u) for eyeful tumor assay are shown (sample size details are shown in Supplementary Table 3). (v) Histogram showing the levels of Su(H) mRNA as measured by qRT-PCR. Error bars represent standard deviation from three independent experiments. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test was used to compute values: and . Scale bar: 50 μm (a–i) and 150 μm (j–r).