Reducing Neuron Apoptosis in the Pontine Micturition Center by Nerve Root Transfer for Restoration of Micturition Function after Spinal Cord Injury

Figure 2

Morphological changes of the bladder and urodynamics at 3 months after surgery. (a) The bladders of the three study groups were histologically analyzed by H&E staining. The bladder mucosa from rats in Group A appeared smooth, and the muscle layer showed slight thickening. In rats from Group B, the bladder mucosa was rough and the mucosal cells appeared disordered. The muscle layer exhibited thickening and hypertrophy with fibrous tissue proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration. In rats from Group C, the bladder mucosa was smooth and the muscle layer was thin, and the smooth muscle cells were small and arranged regularly. Scale bar: 100 μm. (b) Electrophysiological features of the three study groups. The electrophysiological results for rats in Groups A and C at 3 months after surgery showed that after electrical stimulation, the intravesical pressure fluctuated drastically. The intravesical pressure did not fluctuate in Group B.

(a)

(b)