Surface Geometry of Four Conventional Nanohybrid Resin-Based Composites and Four Regular Viscosity Bulk Fill Resin-Based Composites after Two-Step Polishing Procedure

Table 1

Materials used in the study and their composition.

Composite type	Material	Abbreviation	Manufacturer	Organic matrix	Inorganic filler	Filler content by weight (%)	Filler particle size (μm)
Conventional	Tetric EvoCeram®	TEC	Ivoclar Vivadent (Schaan, Liechtenstein)	Bis-GMA, UDMA, Bis-EMA	Barium glass filler, Ytterbium trifluoride, mixed oxide	79.5	0.04-3
	GrandioSO®	GD	VOCO (Cuxhaven, Germany)	Bis-GMA, TEGDMA, Bis-EMA	Glass ceramic filler, silicon dioxide, pigments (iron oxide, titanium dioxide)	89.5	0.02-1
	Filtek™ Z550	FZ	3M-Espe (St. Paul, USA)	Bis-GMA, UDMA, Bis-EMA, PEGDMA, TEGDMA	Surface-modified zirconium dioxide/silica, surface-modified silica particles	82	0.02-3
	Ceram·X™ Mono	CX	Dentsply (Konstanz, Germany)	Methacrylate modified polysiloxane, Bis-GMA	Barium aluminum boron silicon glass, silicon oxide as a nanofiller particle	76	0.01-1.5
Regular viscosity bulk fill	Tetric EvoCeram® Bulk Fill	TBF	Ivoclar Vivadent (Schaan, Liechtenstein)	Bis-GMA, UDMA, Bis-EMA	Barium aluminium silicate glass, Isofiller, ytterbium fluoride, spherical mixed oxide	Isofiller	0.04-3
	Xtra-fil	XF	VOCO (Cuxhaven, Germany)	Bis-GMA, UDMA, TEGDMA	Anorganic fillers (no accurate data)	86	>20
	Filtek™ Bulk Fill Posterior	FBF	3M-Espe (St. Paul, USA)	AUDMA, AFM, DDDMA, UDMA	Nonagglomerated/nonaggregated silica filler, nonagglomerated/nonaggregated zirconia filler, aggregated zirconia/silica cluster filler, ytterbium trifluoride	76.5	0.004-0.1
	QuixFil™	QF	Dentsply (Konstanz, Germany)	UDMA, TEGDMA, di- and trimethacrylate resins, carboxylic acid-modified methacrylate resins	Silanized strontium-aluminum glass with the addition of sodium fluoride	86	0.15-30

Bis-GMA: bisphenol A−glycidyl methacrylate; UDMA: urethane dimethacrylate; Bis-EMA: ethoxylated bisphenol-A dimethacrylate; TEGDMA: triethylene glycol dimethacrylate; PEGDMA: poly (ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate; AUDMA: aromatic urethane dimethacylate; AFM: addition-fragmentation monomers; DDDMA: 1, 12-dodecanediol dimethacrylate.