Research Article
Antiepileptic Drug Management in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Are Vascular Neurologists Utilizing Electroencephalograms? An Observational Cohort Study
Table 1
Descriptive statistics of the overall sample by unique subject and bivariable analysis by EEG result (
).
| | Covariate | Sample | EEG ever positive | value | | No: (95.28%) | Yes: (4.72%) |
| | Demographics | | | | | | Age, mean (SD) | 65.18 (14.87) | 65.15 (14.85) | 65.79 (15.55) | 0.837 | | Female, no. (%) | 241 (47.72) | 230 (47.82) | 11 (45.83) | 0.849 | | African American, no. (%) | 350 (69.03) | 331 (68.53) | 19 (79.17) | 0.271 | | Past medical history, no. (%) | | | | | | Seizure | 48 (9.43) | 39 (8.04) | 9 (37.50) | <0.001 | | Stroke | 217 (43.31) | 206 (43.19) | 11 (45.83) | 0.798 | | Diabetes | 191 (39.30) | 182 (39.39) | 9 (37.50) | 0.853 | | Hypertension | 418 (83.77) | 400 (84.03) | 18 (78.26) | 0.463 | | Carotid stenosis | 14 (3.50) | 14 (3.62) | 0 (0.00) | 1.000 | | Coronary artery disease | 114 (23.03) | 110 (23.31) | 4 (17.39) | 0.620 | | Atrial fibrillation | 63 (12.70) | 61 (12.90) | 2 (8.70) | 0.754 | | Congestive heart failure | 70 (16.75) | 67 (16.63) | 3 (20.00) | 0.725 | | Daily alcohol | 30 (7.41) | 28 (7.14) | 2 (15.38) | 0.249 | | Alcoholism | 35 (8.64) | 32 (8.16) | 3 (23.08) | 0.093 | | Substance abuse | 14 (15.56) | 13 (16.05) | 1 (11.11) | 1.000 | | Admission, mean (SD) | | | | | | Modified Rankin score | 1.31 (2.05) | 1.28 (2.01) | 2.14 (3.01) | 0.121 | | Temperature | 36.69 (0.59) | 36.69 (0.59) | 36.73 (0.77) | 0.811 | | NIHSS | 10.93 (9.23) | 10.84 (9.20) | 12.91 (9.73) | 0.292 | | Glucose, median (range) | 122 (101-166) | 122 (101-168) | 113 (102-148) | 0.401 | | Magnesium | 1.83 (0.33) | 1.83 (0.33) | 1.79 (0.38) | 0.582 | | White blood cells, median (range) | 8.2 (6.5-10.6) | 8.1 (6.5-10.6) | 9.3 (7.1-12.5) | 0.177 | | EEG, mean (SD) | 0.06 (0.35) | 0 (0.0) | 1.3 (1.0) | <0.001 | | Medications, no. (%) | | | | | | Antiseizure | 148 (29.08) | 130 (26.80) | 18 (75.00) | <0.001 | | Home | 43 (8.72) | 37 (7.84) | 6 (28.57) | 0.001 | | Ordered | | | | | | Before EEG result | 136 (26.72) | 120 (24.74) | 16 (66.67) | <0.001 | | Discontinued | 24 (4.72) | 23 (4.74) | 1 (4.17) | 1.000 | | After EEG result (<36 hr) | | | | | | Meds started/changed | 27 (5.30) | 18 (3.71) | 9 (37.50) | <0.001 | | Meds discontinued | 19 (3.73) | 17 (3.51) | 2 (8.33) | 0.224 | | Discharged with meds | 77 (16.92) | 63 (14.52) | 14 (66.67) | <0.001 | | 36 hr changes | 3 (0.59) | 2 (0.41) | 1 (4.17) | 0.135 | | Benzodiazepine | | | | | | Short-acting | 344 (67.58) | 325 (67.01) | 19 (79.17) | 0.214 | | Long-acting | 58 (11.39) | 52 (10.72) | 6 (25.00) | 0.032 | | Stroke, no. (%) | | | | | | Cortical | 15 (62.50) | 0 (0.00) | 15 (62.50) | <0.05 |
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Abbreviations: EEG: electroencephalogram. no.: number; SD: standard deviation; NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; hr: hour. |
