Beyond Acephalic Spermatozoa: The Complexity of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Outcomes

Figure 1

Premature module of sperm with locations of AS-related genes and subtypes. Red star markers represent the location of each AS gene in the sperm. Meanwhile, based on their locations, these AS-related genes can be grouped into three subtypes: I, II, and III. N: nucleus; PC: proximal centriole; DC: distal centriole; SC: segmented columns; ST: sperm tail; SN: sperm neck (connecting piece); BB: basal body; IF: implantation fossa.