Association between Gout, Urate-Lowering Therapy, and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Table 1

Demographic characteristics, comorbidity, and medication in patients with and without gout.

Variable	Gout		value
	No	Yes
	Sex	(%)		(%)	0.37
Female	20575 (29.7)	20422 (29.5)
Male	48751 (70.3)	48904 (70.5)
Age, mean (SD)	49.8 (16.6)	50.4 (16.4)	<0.001
Stratify age			0.99
≤49	35211 (50.8)	35211 (50.8)
50-64	19471 (28.1)	19471 (28.1)
>65	14644 (21.1)	14644 (21.1)
Comorbidity
Hypertension	14556 (21.0)	27435 (39.6)	<0.001
Stroke	1637 (2.36)	2031 (2.93)	<0.001
Hyperlipidemia	7084 (10.2)	22309 (32.2)	<0.001
COPD	5472 (7.89)	7828 (11.3)	<0.001
CAD	6791 (9.80)	11933 (17.2)	<0.001
Alcohol-related illness	1654 (2.39)	3362 (4.85)	<0.001
Asthma	3199 (4.61)	5078 (7.32)	<0.001
Medication
Allopurinol		11245 (16.2)
Febuxostat		248 (0.36)
Benzbromarone		30368 (43.8)
Sulfinpyrazone		2363 (3.41)
Probenecid		358 (0.52)
Colchicine		31975 (46.1)

Chi-squared test.