Biomimetic Effect of Nano-Hydroxyapatite in Demineralized Enamel before Orthodontic Bonding of Brackets and Attachments: Visual, Adhesion Strength, and Hardness in In Vitro Tests

Table 1

Descriptive statistics of percentage of visual hypomineralized areas for control and experimental groups: before acid treatment (t0); after acid treatment (t1); 30 days after acid treatment (t2); 60 days after acid treatment (t3); and 90 days after acid treatment (t4).

Group	Time	Mean	SD	Min	Median	Max	Tukey
Control	t0	0.32	0.75	0.00	0.00	3.00	A
Control	t1	84.16	13.52	55.00	83.00	100.00	B
Control	t2	84.00	13.57	55.00	83.00	100.00	B
Control	t3	83.95	13.59	55.00	83.00	100.00	B
Control	t4	83.79	13.66	55.00	83.00	100.00	B
Test	t0	0.53	1.17	0.00	0.00	4.00	A
Test	t1	83.68	15.56	54.00	88.00	100.00	B
Test	t2	18.37	14.21	0.00	19.00	54.00	C
Test	t3	3.61	4.23	0.00	2.00	15.00	A
Test	t4	2.00	3.43	0.00	0.00	10.00	A

Tukey grouping-means with the same letters are not significantly different.